001 Troubleshooting hydraulic system problems,29页,液压系统问题总结英文文献资料

001 Troubleshooting hydraulic system problems,29页,液压系统问题总结英文文献资料

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时间:2019-06-28

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1、TroubleshootingHydraulicSystemProblemsIntroductiontoHydraulicSystemsIn1650,Frenchscientist,mathematicianandphilosopherBlaisePascaldiscoveredthefundamentallawofphysicsthatformsthebasisofallhydraulicsystems.Pascal’sLawstates,“Pressureappliedtoaconfined

2、fluidistransmittedundiminishedthroughouttheconfiningvesselorsystem.”Inpracticalterms,ifweapplythislawtoahydrauliccylinderormotor,anyoilpressureappliedtothepistonswillbetransmittedequallyinalldirectionswithinthefluidfilledcylinderormotor.Hydraulicsyst

3、emsmaybeverycomplex,buteverysystem,nomatterhowbasic,mustcontainareservoir,apump,variousvalvestocontroloilflow,directionandpressureandahydrauliccylinderormotortomovetheloadappliedbyoilunderpressure.(SEEFIGURE1.)FIGURE1.Abasichydraulicsystem.HydraulicS

4、ystemOperatingPrinciplesTherearetwofundamentalprinciplesthatmustbeunderstoodwhentroubleshootinghydraulicsystemproblems.1.Pumps(whichmaybevane,gear,orpistontypes)areusedinhydraulicsystemstoproducesufficientflowtoobtainthespeedrequiredfromcylindersormo

5、tors.Thisspeed(oilflow)canbeincreasedordecreasedbyusingapumpofhigherorlowercapacity,orbychangingtherelativesizeofthecylinderormotor,buttheflowofoil(speedofthecylinder)willnotbesignificantlyincreasedordecreasedbyalteringsystempressures.2.Theresistance

6、tooilflowisdirectlyrelatedtotheloadwhichthecylinderiscarryingorlifting,thereforeresistancetooilflowresultsinpressure.Theheaviertheload,thehighertheresultingpressure(subjecttothemaximumpressuresettingofthepressurereliefvalve).Ifasystemisnotmaintaining

7、correctpressureswhilethepumpismaintainingitsspecifiedflowrate,thenonlytwoconditionsmayexist;eitheranexternalleakisoccurring,whichshouldbeobviousbytheoilspill,oraninternalleakisoccurringwhichmaynotbesoobvious.Ifontheotherhand,thesystemisdevelopingexce

8、ssivepressuresduringoperation,thecauseisexcessiveresistancetoflow.Thismaybetheresultofexcessiveload,restrictedcomponents,suchaspluggedfiltersorhoses,orsomemechanicalproblemsuchasabentcylinderrod.Techniciansandtroubleshooterswouldbewelladvisedtorememb

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