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1、REVIEWSOFMODERNPHYSICS,VOLUME82,JULY–SEPTEMBER2010UltrafastopticalmanipulationofmagneticorderAndreiKirilyuk,*AlexeyV.Kimel,andTheoRasingRadboudUniversityNijmegen,InstituteforMoleculesandMaterials,Heyendaalseweg135,6525AJNijmegen,TheNetherlandsPublished22Se
2、ptember2010Theinteractionofsubpicosecondlaserpulseswithmagneticallyorderedmaterialshasdevelopedintoafascinatingresearchtopicinmodernmagnetism.Fromthediscoveryofsubpicoseconddemagnetizationoveradecadeagototherecentdemonstrationofmagnetizationreversalbyasing
3、le40fslaserpulse,themanipulationofmagneticorderbyultrashortlaserpulseshasbecomeafundamentallychallengingtopicwithapotentiallyhighimpactforfuturespintronics,datastorageandmanipulation,andquantumcomputation.Understandingtheunderlyingmechanismsimpliesunderstan
4、dingtheinteractionofphotonswithcharges,spins,andlattice,andtheangularmomentumtransferbetweenthem.ThispaperwillreviewtheprogressinthisÞeldoflasermanipulationofmagneticorderinasystematicway.Startingwithahistoricalintroduction,theinteractionoflightwithmagnetic
5、allyorderedmatterisdiscussed.Byinvestigatingmetals,semiconductors,anddielectrics,therolesofnearlyfreeelectrons,chargeredistributions,andspin-orbitandspin-latticeinteractionscanpartlybeseparated,andeffectsduetoheatingcanbedistinguishedfromthosethatarenot.I
6、twillbeshownthatthereisafundamentaldistinctionbetweenprocessesthatinvolvetheactualabsorptionofphotonsandthosethatdonot.Itturnsoutthatforthelatter,thepolarizationoflightplaysanessentialroleinthemanipulationofthemagneticmomentsatthefemtosecondtimescale.Thus,c
7、ircularlyandlinearlypolarizedpulsesareshowntoactasstrongtransientmagneticÞeldpulsesoriginatingfromthenonabsorptiveinverseFaradayandinverseCotton-Moutoneffects,respectively.Therecentprogressintheunderstandingofmagneto-opticaleffectsonthefemtosecondtimescalet
8、ogetherwiththementionedinverse,optomagneticeffectspromisesabrightfutureforthisÞeldofultrafastopticalmanipulationofmagneticorderorfemtomagnetism.DOI:10.1103/RevModPhys.82.2731PACSnumbers:75.78.Jp,85.7
