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1、MaterialsScienceandEngineeringR34-2001)147±230ReviewPolymericbiomaterialsfortissueandorganregenerationaba,*B.L.Seal,T.C.Otero,A.PanitchaDepartmentofBioengineering,ArizonaStateUniversity,Tempe,AZ85287-9709,USAbDepartmentofChemicalandMaterialsEngineering,ArizonaStateUnive
2、rsity,Tempe,AZ85287-6006,USAAccepted25June2001AbstractThispaperreviewsrecentworkinvolvingpolymericbiomaterialsusedforskin,cartilage,bone,vascular,nerveandliverregeneration.Skintraumainvolvesdamagetotheepidermal,dermaland/orsubdermaltissues.Epithelial,dermalandfull-thick
3、nessreplacementsareconsidered.Cartilageresearchismainlyfocusedonreplacinghyalinecartilage.Researchersinvestigatebothnondegradablepolymers,whichmustprovidemechanicalstability,anddegradablepolymers,whichmustsupportcartilageregeneration.Naturalhealinginlargebonedefectsofte
4、nfails.Materialsforbonereconstructionmustbebiocompatible,offermechanicalpropertiessimilartothoseofboneandsupporttissueregeneration.Theareaofvasculargraftsdrawsattentionasimprovementstothepatencyofexistingmaterialsareneeded.Studiestoimprovecurrentvasculargraftpolymersasw
5、ellasdevelopnewpolymersarereviewedbelow.Thedesignandtestingofmaterialsfornerveregeneration,torepairdamagecausedbyillnessoraccident,isanactiveareaofresearch.Directionalnerveguidanceviatubulationisdiscussed,asarematrixmaterialstoenhanceaxonalextension.Finally,livertranspl
6、antationremainsoneoftheonlyoptionsforchronicliverdiseaseandthedemandforlivertransplantsfarexceedsthenumberofavailableorgans.Thecomplexityofparametersinvolvedinliverregenerationispresentedhere.#2001ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Polymericbiomaterials;Tissu
7、eengineering1.IntroductionThispaperreviewsrecentworkinpolymericbiomaterialsforskin,cartilage,bone,vascular,nerve,andliverregeneration.Thereareothertissueandorgansystemsundercurrentinvestigation,however,wehavechosentolimitourselvestosomeoftheapplicationsinvolvingtissuere
8、constructionoflesscomplexsystemswiththeexceptionofliver.Liverregenerationisincludedasanexampleofthetremendousm
