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1、PublishedonWeb12/23/2004StructureandPropertiesofHighStabilityGeminalDicationicIonicLiquidsJaredL.Anderson,RongfangDing,ArkadyEllern,andDanielW.Armstrong*ContributionfromtheDepartmentofChemistry,IowaStateUniVersity,Ames,Iowa50011ReceivedJune11,2004;E-mail:sec4dwa@iastate
2、.eduAbstract:Thirty-ninegeminaldicationicILsweresynthesizedandcharacterizedintermsoftheirsurfacetensions,densities,meltingpoints,refractiveindices,viscosities,andmiscibilitieswithapolarandnonpolarsolvent.Twoimidazoliumorpyrrolidiniumcationswerejoinedviadifferentlengthhy
3、drocarbonlinkagechains(from3to12carbonslong).Thevariousgeminaldicationswerepairedwithuptofourdifferentanions.Theeffectofthedicationtype,linkagechain,alkylsubstituents,andaniontypeonthephysicochemicalpropertiesofthesecompoundswasexamined.Amongthemoreinterestingfindingsfo
4、rthisclassofcompoundswasthattheirliquidandthermalstabilityrangesgenerallyexceededthoseofthemoreconventional,betterknownILs.Indeed,thisrangewasfrom-4to>400°Cforoneofthepyrrolidinium-basedgeminaldicationicliquids.X-raycrystallographyofthesmallersolidioniccompoundsindicate
5、dthattheremaybeacorrelationbetweentheconfigurationaldegreesoffreedomoftheILsandtheirmeltingpoints/glasstransitiontemperatures.Inonecase,thecrystalstructureshowedthatadicationicmoietyhadthreedistinctconformationsinanasymmetricunitcell.Thesolvationpropertiesofthegeminaldi
6、cationicILstendtobesimilartothoseoftheirmonocationicanalogues.Introductiontosolubilizeavarietyofdisparatemolecules,andthefactthationicliquidsthatareimmisciblewithbothwaterandnonpolarOneofthemorerapidlygrowingareasofchemistryresearchorganicsolventscanbesynthesizedfurther
7、addtotheiruse-involvesroomtemperatureionicliquids(RTILs).Thewidefulness.21,22WhilemuchworkinvolvingRTILsdealswiththeirrangeofpossiblecationandanioncombinationsallowsforalargevarietyoftunableinteractionsandapplications.1-18Theuseasªgreenºsolventsinorganicsynthesis,theirc
8、haracteriza-tionandtheunderstandingoftheiruniquephysicochemicalandusesandapplicationsofRTILshavetraversedmanya
