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1、PhilosophyofLanguagePRINCETONFOUNDATIONSOFCONTEMPORARYPHILOSOPHYScottSoames,SeriesEditorPHILOSOPHYOFLANGUAGEScottSoamesPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSPRINCETONANDOXFORDCopyright©2010byPrincetonUniversityPressPublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540IntheUnitedKingd
2、om:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201TWpress.princeton.eduAllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataSoames,Scott.Philosophyoflanguage/ScottSoames.p.cm.(Princetonfoundationsofcontemporaryphilosophy)Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.IS
3、BN978-0-691-13866-4(cloth:alk.paper)1.Languageandlanguages—Philosophy.2.Meaning(Philosophy).I.Title.P107.S632010401—dc222010017995BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableThisbookhasbeencomposedinArcher&MinionProPrintedonacid-freepaper.bPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica1098765432
4、1ContentsAcknowledgmentsixIntroduction1PARTONE:ACenturyofWorkinthePhilosophyofLanguageCHAPTERONETheLogicalStudyofLanguage71.1GottlobFrege—OriginsoftheModernEnterprise71.11FoundationsofPhilosophicalSemantics71.12Frege’sDistinctionbetweenSenseandReference81.13TheCompositionalityofSenseandRefere
5、nce101.14Frege’sHierarchyofIndirectSensesandReferents131.15TheSemanticImportanceofFrege’sPlatonistEpistemology151.16PotentialProblemsandAlternativeAnalyses161.17TheFregeanLegacy201.2BertrandRussell:FundamentalThemes201.21Quantification,Propositions,andPropositionalFunctions201.22GeneralizedQua
6、ntifiers231.23DenotingPhrases,DefiniteDescriptions,andLogicalForm241.24Russell’sTheoryofScope261.25Thought,Meaning,Acquaintance,andLogicallyProperNames281.26ExistenceandNegativeExistentials30SelectedFurtherReading32CHAPTERTWOTruth,Interpretation,andMeaning332.1TheImportanceofTarski33Contents2.1
7、1Truth,Models,andLogicalConsequence332.12TheSignificanceofTarskiforthePhilosophyofLanguage382.2RudolfCarnap’sEmbraceofTruth-TheoreticSemantics412.3TheSemanticApproachofDonaldDavidson45SelectedFurtherReading49CHAPTERTHREEMeaning,Modality,andPos