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1、FINITESIZEEFFECTSINCORRELATEDELECTRONMODELSEXACTRESULTSThispageintentionallyleftblankFINITESIZEEFFECTSINCORRELATEDELECTRONMODELSEXACTRESULTSAndreiA.ZvyaginNationalAcademyofSciences,UkraineImperialCollegePressPublishedbyImperialCollegePress57SheltonStreetCoventGardenLondonWC2H9HEDistributedbyW
2、orldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.5TohTuckLink,Singapore596224USAoffice:27WarrenStreet,Suite401-402,Hackensack,NJ07601UKoffice:57SheltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEBritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.FINITESIZEEFFECTSIN
3、CORRELATEDELECTRONMODELS:EXACTRESULTSCopyright©2005byImperialCollegePressAllrightsreserved.Thisbook,orpartsthereof,maynotbereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingoranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermis
4、sionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopyingofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeethroughtheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscasepermissiontophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.ISBN1-86094-503-1PrintedinSingapore.April6,200510:46FiniteSizeEffectsinCorrel
5、atedElectronModels:ExactResultsmybookToMyFamilyvThispageintentionallyleftblankApril6,200510:46FiniteSizeEffectsinCorrelatedElectronModels:ExactResultsmybookPrefaceLow-dimensionalcorrelatedelectronsystemsareafascinatingtopicincondensedmatterphysicswhichstartedinthe1930s,developedinthe1960sandre
6、ceivedgreatattentionfromphysicistsduringthelastdecade.Researchintolow-dimensionalmagnetismoccupiedanimportantpartofthisfield,becauseitoriginatedfromelectroncorrelationsduetoCoulombinteraction.Inthelasttwentyyearstheproblemsoflow-dimensionalcorrelatedelectronsystemshasturnedfromanarrow,specialt
7、opicofmathematicalphysicsintooneofthecentralproblemsofcondensedmatterphysics.Thisbecametrueduetothegreatprogressintheminiaturizationoftechnology,andmanygreatfindingsinthecompositionofnewmaterialslikemetal-oxides,carbonnanotubes,organiccompound
