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1、GasificationProgressReportonaStudyinGasifierTechnologyK.Chang,A.Conn,S.Hwang,S.MelnikMay8,2008K.C.,A.C.,S.H.,andS.MallmadeequalcontributionstothereportwritingK.C.,A.C.,S.H.,andS.MallmadeequalcontributionsonAspenA.C.createdPFDIntroductionThefirststepsintheproductionofmethanolarethegasificationo
2、fcoaltocarbonmonoxideandhydrogengas.TheoverallreactionforcoalgasificationisCxHy+x/2O2→xCO+y/2H2withxandydependingontheactualcoalcomposition.Theeffluentfromthisprocessisknownassyngas.Themainbyproductofcoalgasificationisacidgaswhichiscomposedofhydrogensulfideandcarbondioxide.Thisgasneedstoberemo
3、vedfromthesyngas.Therearemultiplemethodsofremovinghydrogensulfide(H2S)fromtheexhaustgases.Themethoduseddependsonwhattypeofsulfurisindemandinthelocalregion,elemental(S8)orsulfuricacid(H2SO4).ThemostcommonmethodforcreatingelementalsulfurisbyusingtheClausprocesswhichconsistsofcombustinghydrogensu
4、lfideinoxygenandreactingtheresultantsulfurdioxide(SO2)withremaininghydrogensulfide.VariationsontheClausprocessexistwherethereactionisperformedinpureoxygenoracatalystisadded.Ifsulfuricacidisdesired,themostcommonmethodtakesthesulfurdioxidecreatedinthefirststeportheClausprocessandreactsitoveravan
5、adiumcatalysttoformsulfurtrioxide(SO3).Thesulfurtrioxidethenreactswithwatertoformthedesiredsulfuricacid.Therichsolutionleavingthecontactormaypassthroughaflashtanktobeseparated.Becauseoftheloweroperatingpressureoftheflashtank,theamountofabsorbedgaswillalsobedecreased.Byusingaflashtankfortheacid
6、gasremovalprocess,wewillbeabletoreduceerosioninrichandleanexchangers,decreasethevaporloadonthestripper,andminimizethehydrocarboncontentintheacidgas.Aftertheacidgasremovaltreatment,thesyngasshouldhaveasulfurlevelof0.1ppmvorlower.Forthesynthesisofmethanol,thesyngasneedstohaveacompositionof2parts
7、hydrogento1partcarbonmonoxide.Thewatergasshiftreactormovesthecompositionofsyngastothisdesiredratio.ThewatergasshiftreactionisrepresentedasCO+H2O↔CO2+H2.ThegasifierproductstreamwillhaveahigherconcentrationofCO,sowater,intheformofsteam,wi
