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1、VOL.9,NO.5WATERRESOURCESRESEARCHOCTOBER1973AnalysisofCoupledHeat-FluidTransportinPartiallyFrozenSoilR.L.HARLANWaterResourcesBranch,Departmento]theEnvironment,Ottawa,Ontario,CanadaAnanalogycanbemadebetweenthemechanismsofwatertransportinpartiallyfrozensoilsandthoseinunsaturatedsoils.Byuseofth
2、isanalogyaDarcianapproachisappliedtotheanalysisofcoupledheat-fluidtransportinporousmediawithfreezingandthawing.Withtheaidofanumericalmodel,freezing-affectedsoil-waterredistributionandinfiltrationtofrozensoilareexaminedfromaphenomenological.pointofview,andtheeffectsofsoiltypeandinitialcondit
3、ionsontheresponseofahypotheticalsoilcolumnarestudied.Ingeneral,themodelshowsthattherateofupwardredistributionofsoilwatertoafreezingzoneatthesoilsurfacedecreasesfromcoarse-texturedsoilstofine-texturedsoilsanddecreaseswithin-creaseindepthtothewatertable.Subsequentredistributionduringmeltingof
4、thefrostwedgeisshowntooccurataratelessthanthatassociatedwithfreezing.Infiltrationtopar-tiallyfrozensoilisalsoshowntohaveasignificantinfluenceonsoil-waterredistributionandtheresponseofthegroundwatertable.Conceptually,waterinsoilsatmoisturecon-pendmainlyontemperature[Andersonandtentslessthans
5、aturationcanbevisualizedHoekstra,1965b]andexceptforverydrysoilsasoccupyingwedge-shapedvolumesintercon-tobenearlyindependentoftotalwatercon-nectedbythinliquidfilmsexistingbetweentent,thatis,liquidwaterplusice[Lowetal.,clayplateletsandonparticlesurfaces[Kemper,1968a;Williams,1968].Thethicknes
6、softhe1960].Liquidtransferbetweenwedge-shapedliquidfilmsdecreasesfrom50Aormoreatvolumesandthereforethroughsoilingeneral0øCtoabout9Aat--5øC;from--5øCtomusttakeplacethroughthesefilms.Becauseliquidnitrogentemperatures,filmthicknessde-thepropertiesoftheseadsorbedfilmsdonotcreasesfromabout9Ato3A
7、[Anderson,changesignificantlywithtemperaturesabove1968].0øC,liquidtransferunderathermalgradientWhensoilandwaterataconstantvaporisassumedtobeinsignificantformostfieldpressureandtemperatureareinequilibrium,andlaboratorysituations.Thevalidityofthistheresult
