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1、Uint3sectionAGrammar名词的用法大巫岚初级中学穆荣1.教学内容:(1)可数与不可数名词的区分(2)可数名词复数的规则变化和不规则变化。2.教学目标:理解可数名词的定义,识记可数名词复数变化规则和不规则变化原则以及读音;准确运用可数名词变化规则。3.教学重点和教学难点:(1)以o结尾的可数名词复数变化。(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的可数名词变化规则。(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词。(4)以f或fe结尾的词。(5)常见可数名词的不规则变化,例如表示国人,集体名词的词。4.教学方法:讲练法、分组教学法5.教学过程:一.引入(1
2、)学生回顾名词性词汇,归纳总结出所提词汇的共同点。(2)教师重新定义名词的慨念。名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。二.教学步骤可数名词的定义:可数名词指能用数目计算的人或事物名称的词。可数名词有单数和复数之分。比如apple,bag,desk,book,car等。不可数名词如water,meat,tea,coffee,meat等。(1)可数名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和元音后读/z/book—booksdesk—deskspen-pensbag—bagsgame—gameskey—keysbo
3、y—boys.Map-maps,girl-girls,Car-Cars以o结尾的可数名词有两种情况:(1)直接加s;(2)但表示有生命的物体的名词一般加es加–s或-es读/z/photo—photospiano—pianostomato—tomatoespotato—potatoeshero-heroes以s,x,sh,ch,结尾的词加-es读/IZ/bus—buses.box-boxesmatch-matcheswatch—watches以ce,se,ze,ge等结尾的词加-s读/z/price—pricescase—casesora
4、nge—oranges以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i,再加-es读/z/family—familiesbaby—babiesfamily—familiescity-citiesstudy-studies以-f或-fe结尾的名词将-f或-fe变为-v,再加es/vz/Leaf-leaveshalf-halvesself-selves树叶半数自己黄wife-wivesknife-kniveswolf-wolves妻子拿到去割粮shelf-shelveswolf-wolves架后窜出一只狼Thief-thievesLife-lives犹如窃贼逃
5、命忙(2)可数名词的不规则变化注:①常见名词的不规则变化:man—men,woman—women,policeman—policemen,policewoman—policewomen,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,child—children,mouse-mice单复数同形:fish—fish,deer—deer,beef—beef,sheep—sheep②表示某国人的名词,(从集体角度来讲,后面不加s)Chinese/Japanese/Swiss;Englishman-Englishmen;Frenchman-Frenc
6、hmen;Dutchman-Dutchmen其他各国以-an.-ian结尾的均直接加s,如Americans,Australians,Indians.口诀:中日瑞士均不变,英法荷兰都要变,其他“s”加后面。③有些集体名词总是表示复数意义(不用加s):people;police;staff;cattle(3)特殊的复数形式只有复数形式的名词:chopsticks;glasses;clothes;pants;shots(短裤)7.练习一、请写出下列词的复数形式。city__zoocountry__tooth____mouse__boy___
7、______car____tree____horse_bus___________fox_branch____babyfamily_____dish____radio_photo___piano_knife__leaf_life_thief___man_womanchild___footthis_____watch____diary_______day______ book______dress_________sheep______tea_______box________strawberry_________ peach_______
8、__sandwich_______paper_________ juice________water________milk__________rice_________people