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1、☆广西师范大学硕士研究生学位论文☆TheCriticismofHanFeitotheThoughtofVirtueRulinginConfucianismandItsContemporaryEnlightenmentsName:GengLijingAdvisor:pro.SuPingfuMajor:EthicsSpecialty:PoliticsandAdministrativeEthicsNumber:2004010037Grade:2004AbstractThemostobvioustraitof“YellowCivilization”ortheciviliz
2、ationofYellowRivervalleyisthethoughtofvirtuerulingwhichwasraisedbyConfuciansinthepre-Qindays.ThethoughtofvirtuerulingwasinitiatedbyConfuciusduringtheSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesPeriod.Duringthisperiod,ithadbeendevelopedbyMenciusandconcludedbyXunziasanideologicalsystemwhichfocuseson
3、“benevolence”andformedwith“etiquettes”.Itisacomprehensiveandsystematicideology.Generallyspeaking,itsprinciplesincludeasfollows:Firstofall,itrequires“correctdesignation”and“returntoetiquettes”inthepoliticalorders.Secondly,thethoughtofvirtuerulinginsiststhattherulershouldselectthoseinte
4、lligentandcapableelitesintotheadministrativesystemandtheindividualmoralqualitiesshouldbegreatlyemphasized.Thirdly,itrequirestherulertocultivatehismoralcharactersandkeephimselfasagoodexampletoothers.Accordingtotheprocesswhichrangesfrominnerworldtooutsideworld,fromoneselftootherstoachie
5、vethemoralstatewhichemphasizesindividualcultivation,familyarrangement,countryadministrationandworldsuppressionandfinallytoachieveastateofinnersaintandouterking.Atlast,oncitizensadministering,itpaysgreatattentiontorichenthepeopletheneducatethemandfirsteducatethepeoplethenpunishiftheyar
6、eoutlaw,anditpursuesaconditionofadvocatingmoralityandcautiouslypunishing.Thiskindofthoughtofvirtuerulingisbasedonsixmicrocosmiclogicpoints:First,thethoughtofrestoringancientwaysoftheformerruler;second,thehumanitypremiseofGood-naturetheory;third,thekeyviewpointofadministeringthecountry
7、withmoralities;forth,therulingtargetwhichfocusesonthesovereign;fifth,thesameclassstandincommoninterest;sixth,theidealsocialmodelwithsocialpositionandestatesystem.Inshort,thethoughtofvirtuerulingofConfucianisminpre-Qindaysisanideologicalsystemwhichfocusesonbenevolence,formedbyetiquette
8、s,and
