《解破学06myology》PPT课件

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1、Chapter3Myology肌学DepartmentofAnatomyYunyangmedicalcollege目的和要求１．掌握骨骼肌的构造、分类、起止和作用。２．了解肌的命名原则和肌的辅助装置。３．了解咀嚼肌的组成。掌握咬肌、颞肌的位置、起止概况和作用。４．掌握颈浅肌群的主要作用、斜角肌间隙。５．了解躯干肌的分部和分层情况，掌握斜方肌、背阔肌、竖脊肌、胸大肌、前锯肌的位置和主要作用。６．掌握膈的位置、形态结构特点及膈的功能。７．掌握腹前外侧肌群的位置、形态结构、起止概况和主要作用。掌握腹直肌鞘的组成。８．掌握腹股沟管和腹股沟三角的组成。Skel

2、etalmuscle:VoluntarymusclemuscleCardiacmuscleSmoothmuscleinvoluntarymusclestriatedmuscleSection1ThegeneraldescriptionBones:leverSkeletalmuscle:motiveforcesystemJoints:axis/hingestructureMusclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱aponeurosis腱膜一、MorphologyandstructureofskeletalmuscleMorphologyLongmusc

3、leShortmuscleFlatmuscleOrbicularmuscle二、Theoriginandinsertion,architectureandactionoftheskeletalmuscleTheoriginandinsertionoftheskeletalmuscleArchitectureofmuscles肌的配布:根据作用不同分为：原动肌、拮抗肌、协同肌、固定肌Theactionofmuscles肌的作用是在神经的统一支配下牵引骨骼而产生运动。三、Nomenclatureofmucles肌的命名:shap,size,locatio

4、n,pointsofattachmentandtheiractions四、Accessorystructures（一）Fascia筋膜SuperficialfasciaDeepfascia（二）Synovialbursa（三）Tendinoussheath腱鞘FibrouslayerSynoviallayer:mesotendon腱系膜,vinculatendinum腱纽（四）Sesamoidbone籽骨Section2Themusclesofhead一、Thefacialmuscles面肌theepicranius颅顶肌theorbicularis

5、oculi眼轮匝肌themusclesaroundthemouth口周围肌二、Themasticatorymuscles咀嚼肌themasseter咬肌thetemporalis颞肌themedialpterygoid翼内肌thelateralpterygoid翼外肌Section3ThemusclesofneckBytheirsituationsthemusclesofneckaredividedintothreegroups:superficial,lateral,anterioranddeep.一、Thesuperficialandlatera

6、lgroup1.theplatysma颈阔肌2.Sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌ActionTheheadisinclinedlaterallyandthefaceisrotatedtotheoppositeside;Protractsheadwhenactingtogether.InsertionmastoidprocessOriginmanubriumsternumandclavicle二、Theanteriorgroup1.thesuprahyoidmusclesdigastric二腹肌mylohyoid下颌舌骨肌stylohy

7、oid茎突舌骨肌Geniohyoid颏舌骨肌2.theinfrahyoidmusclessternohyoid胸骨舌骨肌omohyoid肩胛舌骨肌sternothyroid胸骨甲状肌thyrohyoid甲状舌骨肌三、thedeepgroup1.lateralgroupscalenusanterior前斜角肌scalenusmedius中斜角肌scalenusposterior后斜角肌Scalenefissure:abovethefirstrib,betweenthescalenusanteriorandscalenusmedius.brachialp

8、lexusandsubclavianartery2.medialgroupTheMusclesofTrunk