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1、Shroffetal.Vol.26,No.2/February2009/J.Opt.Soc.Am.A413Phase-shiftestimationinsinusoidallyilluminatedimagesforlateralsuperresolution1,2,3,*JamesR.Fienup,1,2,32,3SapnaA.Shroff,andDavidR.Williams1ElectricalandComputerEngineering,UniversityofRochester,Rochester,NewYork14627,USA2Insti
2、tuteofOptics,UniversityofRochester,Rochester,NewYork14627,USA3CenterforVisualScience,UniversityofRochester,Rochester,NewYork14627,USA*Correspondingauthor:sapna@optics.rochester.eduReceivedMay21,2008;acceptedNovember17,2008;postedDecember17,2008(Doc.ID96472);publishedJanuary30,20
3、09Sinusoidallypatternedilluminationhasbeenusedtoobtainlateralsuperresolutionandaxialsectioninginimages.Inbothofthesetechniquesmultipleimagesaretakenwiththeobjectilluminatedbyasinusoidalpat-tern,thephaseofthesinusoidalilluminationbeingshifteddifferentlyineachimage.Theknowledgeoft
4、hesephaseshiftsiscriticalforimagereconstruction.Wediscussamethodtoestimatethisphaseshiftwithnopriorknowledgeoftheshifts.Inpostprocessingweestimaterandomlyintroduced,unknownphaseshiftsandpro-cesstheimagestoobtainasuperresolvedimage.Resultsofcomputersimulationsareshown.©2009Optica
5、lSocietyofAmericaOCIScodes:100.3020,100.6640,050.5080,170.0180,070.0070,110.4850.1.INTRODUCTIONandanimagesuperresolvedbeyondthediffractionlimit.Thesereconstructionshavesuperresolutionalongthedi-Thelateralresolutionofanyimagingsystemislimitedbyrectionperpendiculartothefringesofth
6、esinusoid:e.g.,athewavelengthofimagingandthenumericalapertureofverticalfringepatternincreasestheresolutionalongthethesystem.Butthislimitholdsonlyforuniformillumi-horizontalaxis.Thesameprocedurecanberepeatedwithnationandobjectswithlinearabsorptionandemissiontheorientationofthesin
7、usoidalilluminationrotatedby,characteristics.Itispossibletobreakthislimitbyimag-say,60°and120°toobtainsuperresolutioninalldirec-ingoutsidetheseconstraints.ManytechniqueshavebeentionsinFourierspace.Theamountofsuperresolutionob-developedtoobtainsuperresolutioninimagesbyusingtained
8、isdirectlyproportionaltothespatialfrequencyofof
