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1、Chapter2FundamentalsofPorousStructures2.1IntroductionTheunderstandingofmultiphaseflowinporousmediaisofgreatimportanceinmanyfieldssuchashydrology,contaminantclean-upandpetroleumengineering.Macro-scopicproperties—principallycapillarypressureandrelativeperm
2、eability—areoftenneededwhenmodellingflowandtransportatthecontinuumscale,whetheritistransportofnon-aqueousphaseliquids(NAPL)incontaminantclean-uporthepro-ductionofoilduringreservoirwaterflooding.Thesemacroscopicpropertiesare,however,difficulttoobtain.Itisp
3、ossibletoconductphysicalexperimentsonsamplesofthereservoir,butthiswillonlyreflectonesetofconditions.Furthermore,thescaleofthereservoiritselfissomuchlargerthatafewexperimentsareunlikelytodescribethevariationlikelytobepresent.Hence,thereisaneedtodevelopph
4、ysically-basedmodelsthatcanpredictmultiphaseflowandtransportpropertiesandtheirlikelyvariationinareservoirsetting,basedonreadilyavailableexperimentaldata.Thischapteremphasizesthemathematicalmodellingoftransportprocessesinporousmediabythecellmodels,thedig
5、italreconstructionoftheporousstructureusingtheLatticeBoltzmannmethodandthestochasticmodellingtoobtainarealisticdescriptionoftheporousstructure.2.2CellModelsMathematicalmodelingoftransportprocessesinporousmediaisapowerfultoolemployedwheneverexperimentat
6、ioniseitherexpensiveordifficultduetothenatureoftheprocess.Ontheotherhand,therealisticdescriptionoftheporousstructuresignificantlyincreasesthecomplexityofthemathematicsinvolved,duetothecouplingbetweenthephysicochemicalmechanismsandthegeometricalcomplexity
7、oftheporousmedium,thusrequiringmassivecomputationalpower.GiventhepoorF.A.CoutelierisandJ.M.P.Q.Delgado,TransportProcessesinPorousMedia,5AdvancedStructuredMaterials20,DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-27910-2_2,ÓSpringer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg201262FundamentalsofPo
8、rousStructurescontinuousphasesphericalgrainbaGRANULARPOROUSMEDIUMSPHERE-IN-CELLFig.2.1Schematicrepresentationofsphere-in-cellmodelidealization(aandbdenotetheradiioftheinnerandouterspheres,respectively)computationalpoweravailablesixtyyea
