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1、TranslationandItsAppreciation译作赏析第一讲散文翻译（I）作业：homework2008@sina.cn课件：translation2008@sina.cn1.散文essay,prose（百文之王，众体之源）记叙文narration描写文description说明文exposition议论文argumentation2.小说novel3.戏剧drama4.诗歌poetryESSAYEssai（Montaigne蒙田）→essay（Bacon培根）verse韵文←prose散文FrancisBacon（1561—1626）→RichardSteele（1672
2、-1729）&JosephAddison（1672-1719）→JonathanSwift→CharlesLamb→WilliamHazlitt→LeighHunt→DeQuencey→VirginiaWoolfOfStudiesStudiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelightisinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Fo
3、rexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshalingofaffairs,comebestfromthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornamentisaffectation;tomakejudgmentwhollybytheirrulesisthehumorofascholar.Theyperfectnature,an
4、dareperfectedbyexperience;fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruningbystudy;andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedinbyexperience.Craftymencondemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem,fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwithoutthem,
5、andabovethem,wonbyobservation.Readnottocontradictandconfute,nortobelieveandtakeforgranted,nortofindtalkanddiscourse,buttoweighandconsider.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously;andsomefewtor
6、eadwholly,andwithdiligenceandattention.Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputyandextractsmadeofthembyothers,butthatwouldbeonlyinthelessimportantargumentsandthemeanersortofbooks;elsedistilledbooksarelikecommondistilledwaters,flashythings.Readingmakethafullman,conferenceareadyman,andwritinganexactman.Andth
7、erefore,ifamanwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle,heneedhaveapresentwit;andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemorecunning,toseemtoknowthathedothnot.Historiesmakemenwise,poets,witty;themathematics,subtle;naturalph
