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1、FirstaidFirstAidsymbolFirstaidistheprovisionofinitialcareforanillnessorinjury.Itisusuallyperformedbyalaypersontoasickorinjuredcasualtyuntildefinitivemedicaltreatmentcanbeaccessed.Certainself-limitingillnessesorminorinjuriesmaynotrequirefurthermedicalcarepastthefirstaidintervention.Itgenerallycons
2、istsofaseriesofsimpleand,insomecases,potentiallylife-savingtechniquesthatanindividualcanbetrainedtoperformwithminimalequipment.Whilefirstaidcanalsobeperformedonanimals,thetermgenerallyreferstocareofhumanpatients.HistoryTheearliestinstancesofrecordedfirstaidwereprovidedbyreligiousknights,suchasthe
3、KnightsHospitaller,formedinthe11thcentury,providingcaretopilgrimsandknights,andtrainingotherknightsinhowtotreatcommonbattlefieldinjuries.[1]ThepracticeoffirstaidfelllargelyintodisuseduringtheHighMiddleAges,andorganizedsocietieswerenotseenagainuntilin1859HenryDunantorganizedlocalvillagerstohelpvic
4、timsoftheBattleofSolferino,includingtheprovisionoffirstaid.Fouryearslater,fournationsmetinGenevaandformedtheorganizationwhichhasgrownintotheRedCross,withakeystatedaimof"aidtosickandwoundedsoldiersinthefield".[1]ThiswasfollowedbytheformationofSt.JohnAmbulancein1877,basedontheprinciplesoftheKnights
5、Hospitaller,toteachfirstaid,andnumerousotherorganizationjoinedthem,withthetermfirstaidfirstcoinedin1878ascivilianambulanceservicesspreadasacombinationof'firsttreatment'and'nationalaid'[1]inlargerailwaycentresandminingdistrictsaswellaswithpoliceforces.Firstaidtrainingbegantospreadthroughtheempiret
6、hroughorganisationssuchasStJohn,oftenstarting,asintheUK,withhighriskactivitiessuchasportsandrailways.[2]Manydevelopmentsinfirstaidandmanyothermedicaltechniqueshavebeendrivenbywars,suchasinthecaseoftheAmericanCivilWar,whichpromptedClaraBartontoorganizetheAmericanRedCross.[3]Today,thereareseveralgr
7、oupsthatpromotefirstaid,suchasthemilitaryandtheScoutingmovement.Newtechniquesandequipmenthavehelpedmaketoday’sfirstaidsimpleandeffective.AimsThekeyaimsoffirstaidcanbesummarisedinthreekeypoints:[4]·Preservelife-theoverr
