A brief introduction to New Zealand

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1、AbriefintroductiontoNewZealandNEWZEALANDhttp://en.wikipedia.orgwikipedia(维基百科)encyclopedia[ensaikləupi:djə](百科全书)www.google.commyownexperiencesandmaterialsNewZealand(/NJUːZILƏND/Māori:AOTEAROA)isanislandcountryinthesouthwesternPacificOcean.Thecountrygeogr

2、aphicallycomprisestwomainlandmasses‒thatoftheNorthandSouthIslands‒andnumeroussmallerislands.NewZealandissituatedsome1,500kilometres(900 mi)eastofAustraliaacrosstheTasmanSeaandroughly1,000kilometres(600 mi)southofthePacificislandnationsofNewCaledonia,Fiji,

3、andTonga.Becauseofitsremoteness,itwasoneofthelastlandstobesettledbyhumans.PolynesianssettledNewZealandin1250–1300anddevelopedadistinctiveMāoriculture.Europeansfirstmadecontactin1642AbelTasmanTheintroductionofpotatoesandmuskets(火枪滑膛枪)triggeredupheaval(突变，

4、剧变)amongMāoriearlyduringthe19thcentury,whichledtotheinter-tribalMusketWars.TreatyofWaitangi《怀唐伊条约》In1840theBritishandMāorisignedatreaty(条约；协议，；谈判)makingNewZealandacolonyoftheBritishEmpire.TheTreatyofWaitangi(Māori:TiritioWaitangi)isatreatyfirstsignedon6F

5、ebruary1840byrepresentativesoftheBritishCrownandvariousMāorichiefsfromtheNorthIslandofNewZealand.TreatyofWaitangi《怀唐伊条约》TheTreatyestablishedaBritishGovernorofNewZealand,recognisedMāoriownershipoftheirlandsandotherproperties,andgavetheMāoritherightsofBrit

6、ishsubjects.TheEnglishandMāoriversionsoftheTreatydifferedsignificantly,sothereisnoconsensus(一致同意)astoexactlywhatwasagreedto.WaitangiDayEveryyearon6February,NewZealandmarksthesigningoftheTreatyofWaitangiin1840.Forsomepeople,WaitangiDayisaholiday;formany,an

7、despeciallyforMāori,itistheoccasionforreflectingonthe Treaty.WaitangiDayisrecognisedasNewZealand'snationalday,butthelong-standingtensionsassociatedwithitarealwayslikelytosurfaceinoneformoranother.Thedateisanimportantmarkerinthecountry'shistory.Recognition

8、ofthesignificanceoftheTreatyofWaitangiasthenation'sfoundingdocumentwillcontinuetoencourageleaders,communitiesandindividualstomarkthedayinnewways.TheConstitutionAct1986istheprincipalformalstatementofNewZealand'sconst