1、约克安特卫普规则1974（YORK-ANTWERP RULES, 1974）RULE OF INTERPRETATION 解释规则 In the adjustment of general average the following lettered and numbered Rules shall apply to the exclusion of any Law and Practice inconsistent therewith.共同海损理算，适用下列字母规则和数字规则，凡与这些规则相抵
2、触的法律和惯例都不适用。Except as provided by the numbered Rules, general average shall be adjusted according to the lettered Rules. 除数字规则已有规定者外，共同海损应按字母规则理算。RULE A规则AThere is a general average act when, and only when, any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure
3、is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in a common maritime adventure. 只有在为了共同安全，使同一航程中的财产脱离危险，有意而合理地做出特殊牺牲或支付特殊费用时，才能构成共同海损行为。RULE B规则BGeneral average sac
4、rifices and expenditures shall be borne by the different contributing interests on the basis hereinafter provided.共同海损牺牲和费用，应按下列规定，由各分摊方分摊。RULE C规则COnly such losses, damages or expenses which are the direct consequence of the general average act shal
5、l be allowed as general average. 只有属于共同海损行为直接后果的损失或费用，才应作为共同海损。Loss or damage sustained by the ship or cargo through delay, whether on the voyage or subsequently, such as demurrage, and any indirect loss whatsoever, such as loss of market, shall not
6、be admitted as general average. 不论是在航程中或其后发生的船舶或货物因迟延所遭受的损失，例如船舶滞期损失，以及任何间接损失，例如行市损失，都不得认作共同海损。RULE D规则DRights to contribution in general average shall not be affected, though the event which gave rise to the sacrifice or expenditure may have been du
7、e to the fault of one of the parties to the adventure, but this shall not prejudice any remedies or defences which may be open against or to that party in respect of such fault. 即使引起牺牲或费用的事故，可能是由于航程中某一方的过失所造成的，也不影响要求分摊共同海损的权利，但这不妨碍非过失方与过失方之间就此项过失可能提出
8、的任何索赔或抗辩。RULE E规则EThe onus of proof is upon the party claiming in general average to show that the loss or expense claimed is properly allowable as general average. 提出共同海损索赔的一方应负举证责任，证明所索赔的损失或费用应作为共同海损。RULE F规则FAny extra expense incurred in place of
