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1、4UnitOneLanguageandCulturePart1EnglishandItsOriginTask3Directions:ListentothefollowingpassageaboutcharacteristicsofEnglish.Thepassagewillbereadonlyonce.Afterlistening,choosethebestanswerfromthefoursuggestedchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andDtoeachofthequestionsyouhear.Part1EnglishandItsOrigin☺Task3Englis
2、hlanguageisthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.Itisusedaseitheraprimaryorsecondarylanguageinmanycountries.Englishhasalargervocabularythananyotherlanguage.Therearemorethan600,000wordsinthelargestdictionariesoftheEnglishlanguage.SomeEnglishwordshavebeenpassedonfromgenerationtogenerationexpres
3、singbasicideasandfeelings.Later,manywordswereborrowedfromotherlanguages,includingArabic,French,German,Greek,Italian,Latin,andSpanish.Forexample,algebraisfromArabic,fashionfromFrench,pianofromItalian,andcanyonfromSpanish.AnumberofEnglishwordswereformedbycombiningotherwords.Wordscanalsobeshorte
4、nedtoformnewwords.PronunciationandspellinginEnglishsometimesseemillogicalorinconsistent.Manywordsarespelledsimilarlythoughpronounceddifferently.Examplesincludecough,though,andthrough.Otherwords,suchasblue,crew,to,too,andshoe,havesimilarpronunciationsbutarespelleddifferently.Manyofthesevariati
5、onsshowchangesthatoccurredduringthedevelopmentofEnglish.Thespellingofsomewordsremainedthesamethroughthecenturies,thoughtheirpronunciationchanged.Grammaristhesetofprinciplesusedtocreatesentences.Theseprinciplesdefinetheelementsusedtoassemblesentencesandtherelationshipsbetweentheelements.Theele
6、mentsincludepartsofspeechandinflections.Somemodernscholarsdividethepartsofspeechintotwocategories,contentwordsandfunctionwords.Contentwordsarethemainpartsofspeech--nouns,verbs,adverbs,andadjectives--andcarrythebasicvocabularymeanings.Functionwordsexpressrelationshipsbetweencontentwordsinasent
7、ence.Theyshowthegrammatical,orstructural,meaningsofthesentenceandarealsocalledstructureclasses.Functionwordsincludearticles,prepositions,pronouns,andconjunctions.EnglishhasfewerinflectionsthanmostotherEuropeanlanguages.Aninflectionisavariatio
