中外建筑史名词中英文对照

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1、中外建筑史名词中英对照09.09.11外国建筑史名词中英文对照金字塔pyramid方尖碑obelisk牌门楼pylon莲花式柱lotuscolumn纸草花式柱papyruscolumn棕榈叶式柱palmcolumn塔庙ziggurat列柱围廊式peristyle山花pediment多立克柱式Doricorder伊奥尼亚柱式Ionicorder曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。科林斯柱式Corinthianorder檐口cornice檐部entablature檐壁frieze额枋architrave柱头capital柱身columnshaft槽沟flute圆底线脚torus柱基plinth台基stylob

2、ate输水道aqueduct万神庙pantheon凯旋门triumphalarch角斗场colosseum广场forum托斯卡柱式Tuscanorder门廊potch,portico小穹顶cupola平嵌线reglet主穹顶maindome半穹顶semidome帆拱pendentive会堂basilica中厅centralnave侧廊aisle半圆形壁龛apse袖廊transept柱廊colonnade神坛altar拱廊atcade壁上拱廊blindarcade塔楼turret玫瑰窗rosewindow扶壁buttress尖顶pinnacle滴水兽gargoyle顶端饰finial花色窗棂tr

3、acery四叶饰quatrefoil五叶饰cinquefoil府邸mansion,palazzo鼓座drum采光塔lantern小侧窗bulleyewindow涡卷装饰cartouche宣礼塔minaret圣龛mihrab,prayerniche讲坛mimbar,pulpit拱式vaulttype筒拱barrelvault棱拱groinvault肋骨拱ribbedvault星形拱stellarvault网状拱reticulatedvault扇形拱fanvault倒槽式拱troughvault钟乳拱stalactitevault券式archtype半圆券semicirculararch尖券poi

4、ntedarch弧形券segmentalarch葱花券ogeearch马蹄券horseshoearch交角券squinch穹式dometype半球形穹顶semesphericaldome葱花穹顶ogeedome方穹顶squaredome阿拉伯花饰arabesque阿拉伯式柱头Arabiancapital中国古建史名词中英文对照1、中国古代建筑及构造宫palace,temple殿hall厅hall又称“堂”室room房house亭pavilion阁pavilion榭paviliononterrace水榭watersidepavilion台platform坛altar楼storiedbuildin

5、g廊colonnade轩windowedveranda民居folkhouse四合院courtyardhouse寨stockadedvillage舫boathouse阙que,watchtower牌楼pailou,decoratedgateway华表huabiao,ornamentalpillar塔pagoda硬山flushgableroof悬山overhanginggableroof歇山gableandhiproof庑殿hiproof四阿hiproof卷棚roundridgeroof重檐doubleeaveroof攒尖pyramidalroof园攒尖roundpavilionroof大木woo

6、denstructure大式woodenframewithdougong小式woodenframewithoutdougong大木作carpentrywork（3）中外建筑史名词中英对照09.09.11小木作joinerywork抬梁式构架postandlintelconstruction穿斗式构架columnandtieconstruction井干式构架logcabinconstruction檐柱eavecolumn金柱hypostylecolumn内槽柱hypostylecolumn唐代术语内柱hypostylecolumn宋代术语山柱centercolumn角柱cornercolumn唐

7、、宋术语瓜柱shortcolumn脊瓜柱kingpost蜀柱kingpost宋代术语雷公柱suspendedcolumn帐杆suspendedcolumn宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shapedcolumn宋代术语角背bracket由戗invertedV-shapedbrace叉手chashou,invertedV-shapedbrace宋代术语柁墩woo