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1、ActiveandPassiveVoiceActiveVoiceInsentenceswritteninactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheactionexpressedintheverb;thesubjectacts. Ineachexampleabove,thesubjectofthesentenceperformstheactionexpressedintheverb.PassiveVoiceInsentenceswritteninpassivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheactionexpressedinthev
2、erb;thesubjectisactedupon.Theagentperformingtheactionmayappearina"bythe..."phraseormaybeomitted.(agentperformingactionhasbeenomitted.) Sometimestheuseofpassivevoicecancreateawkwardsentences,asinthelastexampleabove.Also,overuseofpassivevoicethroughoutanessaycancauseyourprosetoseemflatandunin
3、teresting.Inscientificwriting,however,passivevoiceismorereadilyacceptedsinceusingitallowsonetowritewithoutusingpersonalpronounsorthenamesofparticularresearchersasthesubjectsofsentences(seethethirdexampleabove).Thispracticehelpstocreatetheappearanceofanobjective,fact-baseddiscoursebecausewri
4、terscanpresentresearchandconclusionswithoutattributingthemtoparticularagents.Instead,thewritingappearstoconveyinformationthatisnotlimitedorbiasedbyindividualperspectivesorpersonalinterests.Youcanrecognizepassive-voiceexpressionsbecausetheverbphrasewillalwaysincludeaformofbe,suchasam,is,was,
5、were,are,orbeen.Thepresenceofabe-verb,however,doesnotnecessarilymeanthatthesentenceisinpassivevoice.Anotherwaytorecognizepassive-voicesentencesisthattheymayincludea"bythe..."phraseaftertheverb;theagentperformingtheaction,ifnamed,istheobjectoftheprepositioninthisphrase.ChoosingActiveVoiceInm
6、ostnonscientificwritingsituations,activevoiceispreferabletopassiveforthemajorityofyoursentences.Eveninscientificwriting,overuseofpassivevoiceoruseofpassivevoiceinlongandcomplicatedsentencescancausereaderstoloseinterestortobecomeconfused.Sentencesinactivevoicearegenerally--thoughnotalways--c
7、learerandmoredirectthanthoseinpassivevoice.passive(indirect)active(direct):Sentencesinactivevoicearealsomoreconcisethanthoseinpassivevoicebecausefewerwordsarerequiredtoexpressactioninactivevoicethaninpassive.passive(morewordy)active(moreconcise)Changingp
