大学英语自考教程 上册 A课文 中英对照15-16

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1、15-A.HowTVViolenceAffectsKidsFormorethanaquarterofacentury,evidencehasbeenincreasingthatchildren'sexposuretoviolenceontelevisionhaslong-lasting,effectsontheirbehavior.Between1982and1986,theamountoftelevisiontimeallocatedeachweektoviolentprogramsincreasedsignificantly

2、.Andthenumberofviolentactsontelevisioninthepastyearshasincreasedfromabout19to27perhour.Giventheamountoftimethatchildrenwatchtelevision,ithasbecomeoneofthemostpowerfulmodelstheywanttofollow.ThePositionStatementonMediaViolenceinChildren'sLives,recentlyadoptedbytheNatio

3、nalAssociationfortheEducationofYoungChildren,pointsoutthatpreschoolchildrenareparticularlyeasilyaffectedbythemediabecausetheyarenotyetfullyabletodistinguishfantasyfromrealityandtheirunderstandingoftheunderlyingmotivesforbehaviorandthesubtletiesofmoralconflictsisnotye

4、twelldeveloped.Forexample,therapidrecoveriesofpeopleonTVfromviolentattacksgivechildrenanunrealisticpictureoftheinjuriesthathavebeensuffered.EffectsonPlayChildrennaturallyoftenwantthetoysshownonandadvertisedduringtheseprograms.Andwiththesetoys,theirplaytendstobemoreim

5、itativethanimaginative.Childrensimplyimitatethebehaviorobservedduringtheprogram,thusunderminingboththeimaginativeandtheexpressivefunctionsofplay.Thenarrowrangeofmostviolence-relatedtoysadvertisedontelevisionjeopardizestheroleofplayinhelpingchildrenmakebettersenseofth

6、eirownfeelingsandinterprettheirworld.SomeresearchevensuggeststhatchildrenapplythebehaviorsobservedonTVprogramstotheirreal-lifesituations.ParentsCanHelpItisagoodideaforparentstomonitortheamountaswellasthekindoftelevisiontheirpreschoolchildwatches.Ifyourchildappearstob

7、ecrazyaboutwarplayandweapons,itwouldbeagoodideatocontrolhisviewing.Controllingviewingiseasiertododuringthepreschoolyearsthanduringtheschoolyears,soyoushouldinitiateapatternofrestrictedtelevisionwatchingnow.Helpyourchildtointerpretwhatshesees-tothinkofexplanationsfort

8、heeventsdepictedandtoimaginehowtheshowisputtogether.Makesimplecritiqueofashowwithoutimplyingthatherfascinationwiththedramaandthewea