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1、TheBonesofLimbs山东大学医学院解剖教研室BonesofupperlimbsComposition:inlinewithShouldergirdle上肢带骨clavicle锁骨，scapula肩胛骨Bonesoffreeupperlimb自由上肢骨Humerus肱骨inarmRadius桡骨andulna尺骨inforearmCarpalbones腕骨Metacarpalbones掌骨phalangesoffingers指骨Clavicle锁骨“S”shaped,medial2/3convexforwardandlate
2、ral1/3convexbackwardSternalend胸骨端mediallyandacromialend肩峰端laterallySuperiorsurfaceInferiorsurfaceScapula肩胛骨ThreebordersSuperior:coracoidprocess喙突,scapularnotch肩胛切迹Lateral(axillary)border腋缘Medial(vertebral)border脊柱缘ThreeanglesSuperior:oppositetothe2ndribInferior:opposit
3、etothe7thribor7thintercostalspace肋间隙Lateral:glenoidcavity关节盂,肩胛颈supra-andinfraglenoidtubercles盂上、下结节TwosurfacesAnteriorsurfaceconcave凹面的:subscapularfossa肩胛下窝Posteriorsurface:supraspinousfossa冈上窝andinfraspinousfossa冈下窝,spineofscapula肩胛冈,acromion肩峰Humerus肱骨Upperend:heado
4、fhumerus肱骨头,anatomicalneck解剖颈,greaterandlessertubercles大、小结节,crestsofgreaterandlessertubercle,大、小结节嵴，intertuberculargroove结节间沟,surgicalneck外科颈Shaft:deltoidtuberosity三角肌粗隆onlateralsurface,andagrooveforradialnerve桡神经沟onposteriorsurfaceLowerend:capitulumofhumerus肱骨小头,troc
5、hleaofhumerus肱骨滑车,lateralandmedialepicondyles内、外上髁,coranoidfossa冠突窝andradialfossa桡窝(anteriorly)andolecranonfossa鹰嘴窝(posteriorly),andsulcusforulnarnerve尺神经沟RadiusUpperend:headofradius桡骨头,articularcircumference环状关节面,neckofradius桡骨颈,radialtuberosity桡骨粗隆Shaft前面后面外侧面骨间缘inte
6、rosseousborder(medialborder)Lowerend:styloidprocess茎突laterally,ulnarnotch尺切迹medially,andcarpalarticularsurface腕关节面inferiorlyFractureofthedistalendoftheradiusUlnarUpperend:trochlearnotch滑车切迹olecranon鹰嘴coronoidprocess冠突radialnotch桡切迹ulnartubersity尺骨粗隆Shaft前面后面内侧面骨间缘inter
7、osseousborder(lateralborder)Lowerendheadofulna尺骨头styloidprocess尺骨茎突Carpalbones腕骨Proximalrow―(lateraltomedial)scaphoid手舟骨,lunate月骨,triquetral三角骨andpisiform豌豆骨Distalrow―(lateraltomedial)trapezium大多角骨,trapezoid小多角骨,capitate头状骨andhamate钩骨Metacarpalbones掌骨Numberedonetofivef
8、romthumbtolittlefingerStructureofeach―base(proximally),shaft,andhead(distally)Phalangesoffingers指骨Consistof14―twoforf
