TEM4语法grammar

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1、1语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase2从句clause从属句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause名词从句nominalclause定语从句attributiveclause状语从句adverbialclause宾语从句objectclause主语从句subjectclause同位语从句appositiveclause时间状语从句adverbialclauseoftime地点状语从句adverbialclauseofplace方

2、式状语从句adverbialclauseofmanner让步状语从句adverbialclauseofconcession原因状语从句adverbialclauseofcause结果状语从句adverbialclauseofresult目的状语从句adverbialclauseofpurpose条件状语从句adverbialclauseofcondition真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition含蓄条件句adverbi

3、alclauseofimpliedcondition错综条件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition3句子sentence简单句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence复合句complexsentence并列复合句compoundcomplexsentence陈述句declarativesentence疑问句interrogativesentence一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion选择疑问句alternativequestion附加疑问句t

4、agquestion反义疑问句disjunctivequestion修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestion感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentence4基本句型basicsentencepattern否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence感叹句exclamatorysentence5句子成分membersofsentences主语subject谓语predica

5、te宾语object双宾语dualobject直接宾语directobject间接宾语indirectobject复合宾语complexobject同源宾语cognateobject6补语complement主补subjectcomplement宾补objectcomplement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial7句法关系syntacticrelationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modific

6、ation后置修饰post-modification8限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction9数number单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform规则形式regularform不规则形式irregularform10格case普通格commoncase所有格possessivecase主格nominativecase宾格objectivecase11性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter12人称pe

7、rson第一人称firstperson第二人称secondperson第三人称thirdperson13时态tense过去将来时pastfuturetense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense一般现在时presentsimpletense一般过去时pastsimpletense一般将来时futuresimpletense现在完成时presentperfecttense过去完成时pastperfecttense将来完成时futureperfectten

8、se现在进行时presentcontinuoustense过去进行时pastcontinuoustense将来进行时futurecontinuoustense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinu