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1、Unit2MythologyUnit2MYTHOLOGYHowmuchdoyouknowaboutGreekmythandRomanmyth?Writedownyouranswersinthepicturebelow.15Unit2MythologyPartAThinkaboutthisHaveyoueverreadmythologies?Whatarethey?Doyouknowthedifferencesamongfairytales，fables，andmyths？Areyoucuriousab
2、outhowandwhymythcomes?IntroductionofMythologyArthurCotterell&RachelStorm.2009.TheUltimateEncyclopediaofMythology(2ndedition).HermesHouse.ArthurCotterell&RachelStorm1FromMesopotamia,thecradleofWesterncivilization,comelegendsofwhichweareabletoglimpseonlyf
3、ragments,whilethebeliefsystemsofotherancientsocieties,suchastheEgyptiansandGreeks,arefarmorereadilyaccessible.Thestoriesthathavesurvivedfromtheseancientcivilizationsdescribegodsthathavelongpassedintohistory.Otherdeities,suchasthoseofHinduismandBuddhism,
4、remainatthecentreoflivingfaiths,worshippedbyMesopotamia:是古希腊对两河流域的称谓，意为“（两条）河流之间的地方。”在两河之间的美索不达米亚平原上产生和发展的古文明15Unit2Mythologymillionsofpresent-daydevotees.Butwhetherthemythsrecountedbelongtocurrentorlong-vanishedcultures,theycontinuetoexerttheirinfluenc
5、eonthecivilizationsoftheworld,astheirthemesareexploredinliteratureandthevisualarts,andthearchetypestheypresenthelptodeepenourunderstandingofhumanpsychology.2Allhumansocietiesrecognizepowersthataregreaterthanthemselves,suchaslightanddark;sun,stormandfros
6、t;floodanddrought;andthegrowthoftheplantsonwhichtheirlivesdepend.Investingsuchpowerswithspiritsthathavearecognizablyhumannaturehasallowedpeopletomakegreatersenseofarandomandthreateninguniverse.Propitiatingthespiritswithofferingsandprayersallowstheirwors
7、hipperstofeelthattheyhaveadegreeofcontrol.Atthesametime,byseekingtheprotectionofadeity,devoteesareabletorelinquishresponsibilityfortheirownlivestoahigherauthority.Mythsconcerninggodsandgoddesseshelptogiveshapetothepowersthatareseentopreserveorendangerhu
8、manity.3Anotherstrandofmythologyrecountstheexperiencesofhumanorsemi-divineheroes,andtouchesuponthefundamentalissuesofexistence.Thesestoriesdealwiththeirlargethemeswhichunderlieourpresent-dayconsciousness,expressingtheseprofoundid
