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1、学号：姓名：文件名：卫报：ObamatakingCubaoffterrorlistsignals endfordatedideaofroguestatesWashington’sdesignationofroguestateswasasmuchapoliticalandideologicalmatterasadefenceorsecurityissueSimonTisdallWednesday15April2015 13.35 BSTAmericas BarackObamahasbroughtCubainfromthecold,andismakingtentativeprogressa
2、crosstheworld.Photograph:CarolynKaster/AP[1]BarackObama’sdecisiontoremove Cuba fromtheUSlistofstatesponsorsofterrorismmarksanotherimportantsteptowardstheeliminationofitsperniciousbutsurprisinglyresilientpost-coldwarconceptofthe“roguestate”. [2]Inarollcallofsupposedinfamythatonceincludedalmostado
3、zencountriesworldwide,onlyNorthKoreastillscoresAsinallfour“evil-doer”categories,asdefinedbytheformerUSpresidentGeorgeWBush.Specifically,itmaintainsweaponsofmassdestruction,supportsterrorists,abuseshumanrightsandthreatensUSinterests.[3]Usingthesecriteria,Basharal-Assad’sSyriaalsoqualifies,althoug
4、htheDamascusregime’scontrolhasbeenseverelyunderminedbythecivilwarandconsequentlossofpowerandterritory.[4]Byanymeasure,thedefiantbutrelativelyharmlessCubanregimeofFidelCastroandhisbrother,Raúl,wasneverinthesameleagueas,say,IraqunderSaddamHussein,althoughittranspiredthelateIraqidictatordidnothavew
5、eaponsofmassdestruction(WMD)either.ThisdiscrepancyillustrateshowWashington’sdesignationofroguestateswasasmuchapoliticalandideologicalmatterasadefenceorsecurityissue.[5]RonaldReagankickstartedAmerica’sfixationwithrecalcitrantsecond-tierpowersthatdefyAmerica’swill.In1985,hewarnedthat theUSwouldnot
6、tolerate “attacksfromoutlawstatesbythestrangestcollectionofmisfits,LooneyTunes,andsqualidcriminalssincetheadventoftheThirdReich”.[6]ThisswitchinfocustowhatReagandubbedMurderInccamedespitetheongoingcoldwarstrugglewiththeSovietUnion,asuperpowerrivalrythatstillhadsixyearstorun.Asifanticipatingthene
7、xtstageofglobalconflict,ReaganpickedonMuammarGaddafi’snoisilyanti-AmericanLibyanregimein1986, firingcruisemissilesatTripoli inafailedattempttosilencehim.[7]TheunilateralLibyaattack,inpartapunishmentforGaddafi’sinvolvementint
