英语专业高级英语2 lesson 11,12 words and paraphrase

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1、•Lesson11•Inoutline---generallyspeaking•Immediate---Closeathand;near1.niche(Para.1)(n.)thestatusofanorganismwithinitsenvironmentandcommunity(affectingitssurvivalasaspecies)生态位，小生态环境e.g.Accordingtothecompetitiveexclusionprinciple,notwospeciescanoccupythesamenic

2、heinthesameenvironmentforalongtime.•Intricate---Havingmanycomplexlyarrangedelements;elaborate.•Pollen---花粉finepowderformedinflowers•Fungi---真菌类•Degrade---Tocause(anorganiccompound)toundergodegradation•Makeup---puttogether,construct/compose2.bewildering(Para.2)

3、(adj.)confusing,especiallybecausetherearetoomanychoicesorthingshappeningatthesametimee.g.Johnfacesabewilderingvarietyofchoices.3.intricate(Para.2)(adj.)containingmanysmallpartsordetailsthatallworkorfittogethere.g.Thisisanovelwithanintricateplot.•Explicitly---f

4、ullyandclearly•Cohesive---well-integrated4.exemplify(Para.3)(v.)clarifybygivinganexampleofe.g.Thispaintingexemplifiestheartist’searlystyle.•Population---Alltheorganismsthatconstituteaspecificgrouporoccurinaspecifiedhabitat.•Multiple---manifold•Picture---descri

5、be•Cybernetics---控制论Thetheoreticalstudyofcommunicationandcontrolprocessesinbiological,mechanical,andelectronicsystems,especiallythecomparisonoftheseprocessesinbiologicalandartificialsystems.•Oweto---beindebtedto5.acton(Para.5)todosomethingbecauseofanotherperso

6、n’sadviceororder,orbecauseyouhavereceivedinformationorhaveanideae.g.Sheisactingontheadviceofherlawyers.•Veer---Toturnasidefromacourse,direction,orpurpose;swerve•Deflect---Toturnasideorcausetoturnaside;bendordeviate6.helmsman(Para.6)(n.)someonewhoguidesashiporb

7、oate.g.Heisaveryexperiencedhelmsman.7.steer(Para.6)(v.)tocontrolthedirectionavehicleisgoing,forexamplebyturningawheele.g.Hesteeredthecarskillfullythroughthenarrowstreets.8.rudder(Para.6)(n.)aflatpartatthebackofashiporaircraftthatcanbeturnedinordertocontrolthed

8、irectioninwhichitmoves舵,方向舵e.g.Sometriedtostopuptheleakswhileotherstriedtosteadytherudder.9.deplete(Para.7)(v.)toreducetheamountofsomethingthatispresentoravailablee.g.Ourstockoffoo