动物实验教程(英文版)

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1、PHARMACOLOGYEXPERIMENTINSTITUTEOFPHARMACOLOGYExperiment1Thebasicknowledgeandtechniqueofpharmacologicalexperiment1.thepurposeoraimforustohavethisclasslearnbasicorfundamentallaboratorytechniqueandskill.Andverifythetheorywehavelearnedinpharmacology.2.thelaboratoryanimalsthatweoftenusedin

2、ourexperimenttherearemanylaboratoryanimals.Indifferentexperiment,weneedtochoosetheappropriateanimals.Nextwewilltalkabouttheanimalsandtheircharacter1）frogortoad:theyareoftenusedinphysiologicalstudies,werarelyuseitinourpharmacologicalstudies.2）mouseormice:mouseisthemostfrequentlyusedani

3、malinourexperiment.Themainreasontheyarefrequentlyusedistheyareverycheap,about2-3yuanpermouse.Thesecondreasonistheyhavehighreproductionrateandeasytoraise.MiceareoftenusedinthescreeningtestofdrugorWhenwestudytheeffectofantineoplasticdrugs,analgesics,antitussivedrugsetc,ordetermineED50（m

4、edianeffectivedose）orLD50（medianlethaldose）ofadrug.3）rat:itisverylikemouseinshapebutismuchbiggerthanmouse.Itisveryfierce,theyhaveverysharpteethandbadtemper.Ifyouarenotcareful,youwillbebitebythem.Soifyouwanttograbthem,youneedtoputonthickgloves.Ratsarenotusedofteninourexperimentbutarewi

5、delyusedinresearchstudy.Forexample,ratsareoftenusedinchronictoxicitytestorlong-termtoxicitytestinthepreclinicalstudyofadrug.4）guineapig:theyareverybeautifulandlovelyanimals.Theyareverytimidordocile（tender）andneverattackpeople.Inthestreet,youcanseesomepeoplesellguineapig.Someoneraiseit

6、intheirhomeasapet.Ithasashortcoming:itcannotsynthesizeVitaminCbyitself.SoitneedstogetVitCfromfood.Youneedtofeeditwithsomecabbage,carrotetc.GuineapigisverysensitivetoakindofsubstanceHistamine(HA).Asaresultofthat,itwasoftenusedinthehypersensitivetest(allergicreaction)orthescreeningofant

7、i-asthmaticdrug.5）rabbit:weareveryfamiliarwithrabbit,itisoftenusedtoobutalittleexpensive.Itsbodytemperatureisverystable.Soitistheassignedanimalinthepyrogentestduringthequalitycontrolofdrug.（pharmacopeia）Inourexperiment,weoftenuseittoobservetheeffectofsomedrugonthebloodpressure.6）cat:c

8、atisa