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1、美国价值观BasicAmericanValuesandBeliefs基本的美国价值观和信仰IndividualFreedomandSelf-Reliance个人自由和自力更生TheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcolonieswhichwerefreefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbyk
2、ingsandgovernments,priestsandchurches,noblemenandaristocrats.Toagreatextent,theysucceeded.In1776theBritishcolonialsettlersdeclaredtheirindependencefromEnglandandestablishedanewnation,theUnitedStatesofAmerica.Insodoing,theyoverthrewthekingofEnglandanddeclaredthatthe
3、powertogovernwouldlieinthehandsofthepeople.Theywerenowfreefromthepoweroftheking.In1789,whentheywrotetheConstitutionfortheirnewnation,theyseparatedchurchandstatesothattherewouldneverbeagovernment-supportedchurch.Also,inwritingtheConstitutiontheyexpresslyforbadetitle
4、sofnobilitytoensurethatanaristocraticsocietywouldnotdevelop.Therewouldbenorulingclassofnoblemeninthenewnation.最早的定居者来到北美大陆建立殖民地是自由的控制存在于欧洲社会。他们想逃避国王和政府的控制他们的生活,牧师和教会、贵族和贵族中流行。在很大程度上,他们成功了。1776年,英国殖民定居者宣布脱离英国独立,建立了一个新国家,美利坚合众国。这样做,他们推翻了英格兰国王,宣布权力治理将躺在人民的手中。他们现在没有国王的
5、力量。在1789年,当时他们写宪法为他们的新国家,他们教会和国家分离,不会有一个由政府支持的教会。同时,在写宪法明确禁止贵族头衔的,以确保一个贵族社会不会发展。就没有贵族统治阶级的新国家。ThehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmericancharacter.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandeliminatingaformalaristocracy,they
6、createdaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.TheUnitedStatescametobeassociatedintheirmindswiththeconceptofindividualfreedom.ThisisprobablythemostbasicofalltheAmericanvalues.历史决定的第一批移民有一个对美国人的性格的形成产生深远的影响。通过限制政府权力和消除一个正式的贵族,他们创造了一个气候重点是个体的自由。美国有关在他们心目中
7、与个人自由的概念。这可能是最基本的美国价值观。Scholarsandoutsideobservesoftencallthisvalue”individualism,”butmanyAmericansusetheword”freedom.”Perhapstheword”freedom”isoneofthemostrespectedpopularwordsintheUnitedStatestoday.学者和外部观察通常称之为价值“个人主义”,但许多美国人使用“自由这个词。“也许“自由”这个词是当今美国最受尊敬的流行词。There
8、is,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:self-reliance.Americansbelievethatindividualsmustlearntorelyonthemselvesorrisklosingfreedom.Thi
