非谓语动词一轮复习分词

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1、三、分词现在分词过去分词语态时态类别现在分词一般式完成式主动语态被动语态doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone过去分词（无时态、语态变化）done㈠现在分词、过去分词的区别①时间方面：现在分词表示_________过去分词表__________theswimmingboyboilingwaterthebrokenglassboiledwater②语态方面：现在分词表_________过去分词表_________（注：不及物动词不表被动，表动作的完成、表状态）theswimmingboy

2、=theboywhoisswimmingtheheldmeeting=themeetingthatwasheld㈡分词在句中的作用1、分词做定语①单个的现在分词作定语一般放在_________过去分词作定语可放在____________boilingwaterthetimeleftboiledwaterinagiventime②分词短语作定语一般放在_________，相当于_________TheboysittingbyTomishisbrotherTheboywhoissittingbyTomThestorywritt

3、enbyhimisveryinteresting.Thestorywhichwaswrittenbyhim注I、用现在分词还是过去分词作定语，关键是看分词与所修饰的词（逻辑主语）之间的关系、（若主动关系用现在分词、若被动关系用过去分词）II、分词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything、nobody等不定代词或指示代词those要放在被修饰词的后面Thereisnothinginspiringinhiswords.Heisoneofthoseinvited.⒉分词作表语(定语)：现在分

4、词作表语，表示_________Thestoryisveryinteresting.过去分词作表语，表示__________Shefeltverytired.⒊分词作状语：现在分词作状语，主句的主语是过去分词作状语，主句的主语是______thecityfromtheair,Ithinkitbeautiful.______fromtheair,thecitylooksbeautiful.A.ToseeB.SeeingC.SawD.Seen结论:是用现在分词还是用过去分词作状语关键看主句的主语和分词之间的关系A:现在分词可作

5、时间、原因、方式、伴随和结果状语Hearingthenews,heburstintolaughter.（时状）Seeingnobodyathome,heleftthemanote.(原因状)Hecamerunning.(方式状)Hesattherereadingabook.（伴随状）Theyopenedfire,killingonesoldier.（结果状）Workinghard,youwillsucceed.（条件状）B:过去分词可做时间、原因、条件、伴随、让步状语Seenfromtheair,thecitylooksb

6、eautiful.（时状）Punishedbytheteacher,hefeltsad..(原因状)Givenmoreattention,thetreecouldgrowbetter.（条件状）Theteacherwentout,followedbyagroupofstudents.（伴随状）Punishedoncebytheteacheraday,Tomisstilllateforclass.(让步状)⒋作宾语补足语：现在分词作宾补表示________，而过去分词作宾补则表示______Hekeptmewaitingfo

7、ralongtime.Helefthisworkundone.㈢分词的否定形式，在分词前直接加not.Notknowinghisaddress,Icouldn’tfindhishouse.Heescaped,notseenbyanyone.㈣注意点：1.现在分词的一般式的被动语态（beingdone）过去分词（done）不定式的一般式的被动语态(tobedone)作定语时的区别。Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant.Themeetingheldyesterdayisofimportan

8、ce.Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisofimportance.2、doing,havingdone何时用现在分词一般时所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生Eg:puttingdownthebook,hewalkedovertothewindowandsawwhathadh