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1、定语从句WhichoneisHarryPorter?TheboyisHarryPorter.WhichoneisHarryPorter?TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorter.定语从句由于定语从句是一个句子，毫无疑问，必定不可能是一个词，所以都是放在被修饰词的后面，我们还给这个被修饰的词起了个名字，先行词，因为修饰她的句子还在后面，她先出现的。我们例子中的who便是关系代词，这个关系我们也可以理解成桥梁，将主句和从句联系到一起。所以这关系代词也是紧挨着先行词的。所以我们先要搞清楚啥是定语从
2、句，啥是先行词，啥是关系代词。咱再琢磨这定语从句如何用。一.定语从句的基本定义放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。一.定语从句的基本定义eg.TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词先行词和关系词的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.Theboywho
3、separentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy=whotheboy’s=whoseintheschool=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的
4、实质themachineamachinethat/whichTheladyisGreen.Wesawheryesterday.herTheladywesawyesterdayWho/that关系代词实际上代替的就是先行词isGreen.引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhichwherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteache
5、r.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.who,whom③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.whichHeistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.④that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语
6、或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.that⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。Weliveinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.whose2.关系代词的用法注意点(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：Doyouknowthethingsandper
7、sonsthattheyaretalkingabout?②当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。如：ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgot
8、ten.③当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。(2)用who不用that的情况①先行词为
