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1、LectureThreeContrastofLexicalMeaningbetweenEnglishandChinese,andDiction(ChoiceofWords)英汉词义对比与英译汉Caesarwasright.Thinpeopleneedwatching.I’vebeenwatchingthemformostofmyadultlife,andIdon’tlikewhatIsee.Whenthesenarrowfellowsspringatme,Iquivertomytoes.Thinpeoplecomeinallpersona
2、lities,mostofthemmenacing.You’vegotyour“together”thinperson,yourmechanicalthinperson,yourcondescendingthinperson,yourtsk-tskthinperson,yourefficiency-expertthinperson.Allofthemaredangerous.恺撒大帝说的一点不错。瘦人的确需要好好得观察。我成年后的大半辈子都在仔细得观察着他们，结果是，我实在不怎么喜欢我所看到的。当这些瘦瘦的家伙蹦跳着朝我过来，我便浑身颤栗
3、。这些人儿性格各异，大多为阴险狡诈之徒。你会遇见诸如精明的瘦人，呆板机械的瘦人，谦逊的瘦人，啧啧挑剔的瘦人亦或是效率专家般的瘦人。不过，这些瘦人都是危险人物。Caesarwasright.Thinpeopleneedwatching.I’vebeenwatchingthemformostofmyadultlife,andIdon’tlikewhatIsee.Whenthesenarrowfellowsspringatme,Iquivertomytoes.Thinpeoplecomeinallpersonalities,mostofthem
4、menacing.You’vegotyour“together”thinperson,yourmechanicalthinperson,yourcondescendingthinperson,yourtsk-tskthinperson,yourefficiency-expertthinperson.Allofthemaredangerous.正如凯撒所说，对于虚情假意的人，我们需要付出更多的观察。在过去的日子里我一直在关注他们，但是我并不喜欢我所看到的一切。当那些狭隘的家伙接近我，我甚至连脚趾都在颤抖。虚情假意的人拥有很多的性格特点，但相
5、当大的一部分都是具有威胁性的。那些如机械般的、优越感极强的、精明的和最有效率的家伙其实都在你的周围，而且他们都是危险的。I.ContrastinVocabulary1.ContrastinMeaning（词义对比）A.reflective（反映式）Reflectingtheideasofbothmaterialsandnon-materials.Examples:Articles;foods;clothing;mountainsandrivers,andgeography,socialmorality;psychology;ethics,
6、etc.B.refractive（折射式）indirectreflectionofobjectse.g.birdC.integrative（整合式）combinationofthemeaningoftwowords.E.g.flexitime”（弹性工作制，始于英国）铁饭碗（asecuredjob）DegreesofEquivalenceinWordMeaninga.equivalence（对应关系）Mainlyincludingpropernouns,terminologyandsomenamesortitlesindailylife.
7、Examples:TheU.S.StateDepartment美国国务院Computationallinguistics计算语言学ThePacificOcean太平洋Tuberculosis肺结核helicopter直升飞机manliness男子气incensecoil盘香aside旁白b.inclusion（涵盖关系）Mainlyincludingthosewordswhosemeaningshaveextensiveandnarrowseparations.Examples:marriage嫁、娶gun枪、炮sister姐、妹morn
8、ing早晨、上午c.intersection（交替式）Mainlyincludingthosewordswithseveralmeanings,thereforetheirmeaningsho
