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1、生态学杂志ChineseJournalofEcology2010,29(11):2229-2234*厦门城市公园景观格局与植物群落结构的相关性1**12211胡宏友肖亮嫦张万旗刘俊伟董克钻李学梅(1厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361005;2厦门市市政园林局南湖公园管理处,福建厦门361005)摘要选取平均斑块面积、斑块密度、景观多样性等景观格局指数和林地面积比例、树种多样性、乡土树种比例等植物群落结构指数分别对厦门城市公园景观格局与植物群落结构进行量化分析,并统计群落结构指数与景观格局指数之间的
2、Pearson相关性系数,以探讨厦门城市公园景观格局与其植物群落结构之间的关系及相互适宜性。结果表明:建设年代较早的人工公园(中山公园和南湖公园)树种丰富,搭配均匀,注重乡土种和外来种的合理配置;建设年代较晚的人工公园(白鹭洲和湖里公园)树种结构简单,乡土树种比例低。半自然公园中自然林地保持较好,树种多样,乡土树种比例高。与人工公园相比,半自然公园(忠仑、狐尾山和仙岳公园)平均斑块面积大,斑块类型较少,景观破碎化程度和景观多样性都较低。相关性分析表明,平均斑块面积与林地面积比、乡土树种比呈正相关,景观多样性指数与林地面积比呈负相关,说明厦门城市公园景观格局与
3、植物群落结构之间具有一定的空间相关性。关键词半自然公园;人工公园;树种多样性;斑块面积中图分类号Q149文献标识码A文章编号1000-4890(2010)11-2229-06CorrelationsbetweenlandscapepatternandplantcommunitystructureinXiamenurban1122parks.HUHongyou,XIAOLiangchang,ZHANGWanqi,LIUJunwei,DONGKe111zuan,LIXuemei(StateKeyLaboratoryofMarineEnvi
4、ronmentalScience,XiamenUniversity,2Xiamen361005,Fujian,China;SouthLakeParkManagementOfficeofXiamenMunicipalGardensBureau,Xiamen361005,Fujian,China).ChineseJournalofEcology,2010,29(11):2229-2234.Abstract:Aimedtoapproachthecorrelationsandthemutualadaptabilitybetweenthelandscapepatter
5、nandplantcommunitystructureinXiamenurbanparks,thelandscapepatternindices(averagepatchsize,patchdensityindex,andlandscapediversityindex)andtheplantcommunitystructureindices(forestarearatio,speciesdiversity,andproportionofnativespecies)wereselectedtoquantifythelandscapepatternandpla
6、ntcommunitystructureintheparks,andthemutualPearsonscorrelationcoefficientswereanalyzed.Inearlierconstructedartificialparks,treespecieswererich,withuniformcollocationandwithrationalallocationofnativespeciesandexoticspecies.Inlaterconstructedartificialparks,treespeciescompositionwas
7、simple,andtheproportionofnativespecieswaslow.Inseminaturalparks,naturalforestswerewellmaintained,withrichtreespeciesandhighproportionofnativespecies.Comparedwithartificialparks,seminaturalparkshadlargeraveragepatchareas,lesserpatchtypes,andlowerlandscapefragmentationandlandscape
8、diversity.Theaveragepatchs
