定语从句专项讲练学生版

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1、定语从句专项讲练（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：2．先行词：3．关系词：关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有：关系副词有：关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、B、C、例如：Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.注意：what,how不做定语从句的关系词（二）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句①形式上:②意义上③译法上④关系词的使用上限制性定语从句举例：Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。非限制性定语从句举例：China,whichwasfoundedin1949,is

2、becomingmoreandmorepowerful.（三）关系代词引导的定语从句1．Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.那就是教我们物理的老师。2．LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.李明正是我想要见的男孩。注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。3．Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。4．Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning?我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？5.Hehasafri

3、endwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?（四）关系副词引导的定语从句1.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.我

4、仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。2．ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.上海是我出生的城市。3．Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.请告诉我你误机的原因。注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhichtheylive.他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。（五）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfa

5、mous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。注意：１．含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.(正)这是我正在找的手表。ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(误)2．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等名词、代词或者数词。如：The

6、reareoversistystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefromthecountryside我们班总共有60多个学生，大多数来自乡下。（六）限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况1.HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？2.ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我看过的最好的电影。4.Th

7、isistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.这正是我要买的词典。5.Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?站在门口的那个人是谁？6.Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。（七）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句1.Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.他跟她结