生物质分类表征蔬菜废物高温好氧降解特征及其动力学描述

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1、农业环境科学学报2006,25(3):802-806JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience生物质分类表征蔬菜废物高温好氧降解特征及其动力学描述陈活虎,何品晶,邵立明,李国建(同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点试验室,上海200092)摘要:通过对不同种类蔬菜废物的高温好氧降解试验,研究了其好氧降解过程中各种生物质组分的降解规律。结果表明,易降解组分如总糖、蛋白质、脂肪及半纤维素等,其降解率均较高,平均降解率为55.6%,而且降解主要集中在好氧降解前期(0~6d),难降解组分主要在后期(6~14

2、d),平均降解率仅为20.9%。统计分析表明,各生物质组分高温好氧降解可用一级动力学描述,其中易降解组分的降解速率常数为0.090~0.147d-1,难降解组分为0.025~0.035d-1。不同生物质降解速率常数大小顺序为:脂肪>总糖>半纤维素>蛋白质>纤维素>木质素。关键词:蔬菜废物;高温好氧降解;动力学;生物质组分中图分类号:S141.4文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-2043(2006)03-0802-05CharacteristicsandKineticsofAerobicThermophilicDecomp

3、osingforVariousBiomassCompositionsofVegetableWasteCHENHuo-hu,HEPin-jing,SHAOLi-ming,LIGuo-jian(StateKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControl&ResourceReuse,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:Thebiodegradabilityoforganicsvariesduetothediversecompositionsofbiomas

4、sfractions,i.e.,sugar,protein,lipid,hemicellu-lose,celluloseandlignin,etc.,aswellasthephysicalstructuresthataffecttheorganizationofbiomassfractions.Eachindividualbiomassfractionhasspecificbiodegradabilityunderaerobicthermophilicdecomposing,andshouldhavespecificin

5、trinsickineticparameters.How-ever,mostliteraturediscussedtheapparentkineticparametersofmultifariousorganics,mixtureofbiomassfractions,resultingininconsistentevaluationsofbiodegradability.Inthispaper,theaerobicthermophilicdecomposingofvegetablewastewithdifferentph

6、ysicalstructureswasconductedwithbatchflaskat50℃inthermotank.Thecharacteristicsofvegetablewasteduringdecomposingweremeasuredforthebiomasscomposition.Thekineticsofvariousbiomassfractionswerethenstudiedrespectively,sothatthebiodegradabilityoforganicscouldbeesti-mate

7、daccordingtospecialbiomasscompositionsandtheirindividualbiodegradabilitykinetics.Theresultsindicatedthatthesugar,protein,lipidandhemicellulosewerefast-degradedfractions,andaverage55.6%ofdegradationwascompletedinthefirststageofaerobicther-mophilicdecomposing(0~6d)

8、.Theslow-degradedfractions,suchascellulousandlignin,weregraduallyoxidizedinthecuringstage(6~14d),andtheaveragedegradationratewasabout20.9%.Theregressionanalysi