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1、完形填空解题策略与专练(二)完形填空中,在文章的上下文里面,还存在着隐性的线索,这种隐性线索常常被用于辨析语义和语境。通过隐性线索的关联,常常能够在文章当中,找到符合语境要求的选项。完形填空第二大策略:利用隐性线索,辨析语义语境。WarmingUp热身训练A.词汇联想大比拼:请根据左边的中心词,向右拓展词汇。例:hospital→patient,doctor,illness,headache,hurt,pain,cure…1.time→second,minute,_________________________________________________________________
2、___2.competition→player,judge,________________________________________________________________3.happy→smile,laugh,joy,__________________________________________________________________4.study→writing,reading,___________________________________________________________________B.下列句子摘自高考完形填空真题,划线词语为设空
3、答案。你能说出句子粗体部分线索词(cluewords)与设空答案的关系吗?1.Mondaymorningarrived.Beforesheleft,shehuggedherhusbandtightly,hereyesfilledwithtearsofgratitude(感激).(NMET2010湖北)2.Themovementwassofiercethatseveralpassengersfeltsickandhadtouseairsicknessbags.(NMET2010四川)3.Hisparentshadnoreasontobethankfultomeeither,becausethe
4、yearbefore,Ihad…theirdearsonwithapotofpasteandsomefunnypicture.(NMET2011辽宁)4.Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The…isbasedonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthbylearningsituation.(NMET2011广东)ExemplifyinginSkills例证与
5、技能隐性线索实际上是指一组词语具有相同的倾向性,并往往与文章中心主线的导向一致。在做完形填空题时,要学会关注隐性线索,掌握语义与语境。常见的隐性线索有五种:语义场关联、修饰关联、因果关联、结构关联和反义关联。A.语义场关联:某些词汇或表达都是围绕同一话题或同一场景出现。如:patient,doctor,sickness,stomachache,hurt,wound,cure等相关词汇都是围绕hospital这个语义场展开的。【例1】IknewthatdiscswereveryexpensiveandIreallydidn’thavealotof30togetstarted.(NMET2011
6、浙江)30.A.moneyB.timeC.energyD.knowledgeB.修饰关联:指词语之间存在固定的修饰关系,如:修饰thenumberof要用large或small,而不能用many或little.【例2】Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks36thanwords.(NMET2012全国I)36.A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.furtherC.因果关联:在同一个句子或段落中,有时前后的词语之间存在着必然的因果关系。【例3】Thesetellthestory
7、ofamotherwhosebabygrowssickandpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmost24totheparents.(NMET2008广东)24.A.uncomfortableB.unbelievableC.unacceptableD.unrecognizableD.结构关联:前后的词语共同构成了一定的语法结构。【例4】Wecanseethereisalotof