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1、38第五届中国建筑史学国际研讨会论文选PaperSelectionforthe5thInternationalConferenceonChineseArchitecturalHistory/南方建筑/SouthArchitecture2011.4中国早期寺院配置的形态演变初探：塔·金堂·法堂·阁的建筑形制TopologicalStudyontheevolutionofearlyChineseBuddhistMonasteries:LayoutofPagoda,BuddhaHall,LectureHallandP
2、avilionTower12王维仁 徐翥WangWeijenXuZhu摘要在以塔/浮图为中心的佛教寺院原型传residencetotheserviceofBuddha”amongadoptedfrommaterialsincludingarchive入中国之后，经过“舍宅为寺”的汉化发展过aristocratsaftertheHandynasty,reacheditsdocuments,pictorialrepresentationsin程，在南北朝的后期进入了形态发展的高峰。typologicalclimax
3、duringthefifthandsixthDunhuangmurals,archeologicalexcavations以永宁寺和日本法隆寺等几个寺庙作为这一时century.LookingthroughkeyexampleslikeandfewsurvivingmonumentsinChina,Japan期形态配置的例证看来，由于对佛像崇拜的宗YongningMonasteryandHoryujiatthetime,andSouthKorea,Thispaperfinallyarranges教需求，金堂的地
4、位日益重要，寺院开始将金theBuddhahallhadbecameincreasinglyallavailablesamplesinachronologicalorder堂与塔的位置，作或左右、或前后地并置。这importantastheresultofpopularneedsforexaminingtheirevolutiontypologically.种形态学上的多样发展一直延续到了唐代，在onworshipofBuddhaimage.VariationsofBybuildingupthetentativ
5、etracesoftheir金堂的地位日渐巩固后，才确立了在中轴线上arrangementsonthelocationofBuddhahalldevelopmentfromlateHanthroughNorthern以山门、金堂和法堂为主体建筑的寺庙配置。andpagodaduringtheperiod,impliedatrendandSouthernDynasty,allthewaytolateTang从初唐开始，塔的重要性进一步降低，配置上ofnewinterrelationbetweenkeybuildi
6、ngandthefiveDynasties,thispaperintends开始将塔列入别院；同时，汉化的建筑元素如elementsalongthemainaxis.Thisdiversitytolookintokeyquestionsontheformal钟楼和楼阁也配合着中轴线的组成逐渐成为寺oftypologicaltransformationcontinuedtotransformationsofmonasteryinearlyChina,院配置的重要组成。这一系列佛寺配置的演变developuntil
7、thepreeminenceofBuddhahalladdressingtheroleandlayoutonpagoda,过程，也反映了这段时期各种佛教思想的产生wascommonlyacceptedinTangdynasty,Buddhahall,lecturehallandpaviliontowerin与变迁以及寺院使用模式的本土化，从而导致whilethedominanceoflayoutsequenceonthetemplecomplex.的建筑形制的改变。gatehall,pagoda,Buddhah
8、allandlecturehallKEYWORDS Pagoda,MainHall/Buddha 本文试图从形态发展的角度，就中国及东hadalsofinallyestablished.Meanwhile,theHall,LectureHall,Pavilion(ge阁)亚的实例与文献记载，包括敦煌壁画、《洛阳significanceofpagodacontinuedtodecrea
