案例-伯尔克造纸公司

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1、Uni案例：伯尔克造纸公司西方造纸公司西方造纸公司埃里造纸有限公司4804304322801202800.6=1685230Unit6:MarketStructureandPerfectCompetitionMarketStructureandDegreeofCompetitionPerfectCompetitionShort-RunAnalysisofaPerfectlyCompetitiveFirmLong-RunAnalysisofaPerfectlyCompetitiveFirmGeneralEquilibriumofPerfectCompetitionMarketStructu

2、reandDegreeofCompetitionAMarketconsistsofalltheactualandpotentialbuyersandsellersofaparticularproduct.MarketStructurereferstothecompetitiveenvironmentinwhichthebuyersandsellersoftheproductoperate.FourTypesofMarketStructurePerfectCompetitionMonopolisticCompetitionOligopolyMonopolyImperfectCompetiti

3、onDegreeofCompetitionPerfectCompetitionistheformofmarketorganizationinwhich(1)therearemanybuyersandsellersofaproduct,eachtoosmalltoaffectthepriceoftheproduct;(2)theproductishomogeneous;(3)thereisperfectmobilityofresources;and(4)economicagentshaveperfectknowledgeofmarketcondition.Monopolyistheformo

4、fmarketorganizationinwhich:asinglefirmsellsaproductforwhichtherearenoclosesubstitutes.Entryintotheindustryisverydifficultorimpossible.MonopolisticCompetitionreferstothecasewhereTherearemanysellersofadifferentiatedproductandEntryintoorexitfromtheindustryisrathereasyinthelongrun.Oligopolyisthecasewh

5、ereTherearefewsellersofahomogeneousordifferentiatedproduct;Whileentryintotheindustryispossibly,itisnoteasy(asevidencedbythesmallnumberoffirmintheindustry).Underperfectcompetition,thefirmisapricetakerMarketOneFirmq(unit)Q(104unit)p=constantFirm’sbehaviorsunderperfectcompetitionMax=TRTC,thefirstor

6、dercondition:ddQ=d(TR)dQd(TC)dQ=0;orMR=MC;sinceTR=pQso,MR=pandp=MCconstantShort-RunsupplycurveofafirmunderperfectcompetitionP=MCiSi=Si(p)=MC-1(p);Si(p)=P>ATC;>0,Si(p)>0PAVC,Si(p)>0P-TFC停产:pQTFCTVC<-TFCShort-RunsupplycurveMC=Si(p)ATCAVCpQShort-Runmarketsu

7、pplycurveFirm1Firm2MarketS1S2SSLong-RunAnalysisofaPerfectlyCompetitiveLACMCFirmMarketPositiveprofitMorefirmsenterthemarketPerfectEntryLong-RunAnalysisofaPerfectlyCompetitiveMCLACLossesMorefirmsleaveInlong-run: