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ID:37778946
大小:239.45 KB
页数:10页
时间:2019-05-31
《创伤后应激障碍的临床新进展(DSM-5校订)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、——(原载《国际中华应用心理学杂志》2015年第12卷第1期)——创伤后应激障碍的临床研究新进展(DSM-5新标准)邓明昱博士美国东西方健康科学学院心身医学教授,美国纽约【摘要】创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)是一种严重的心理障碍。PTSD常在一个人暴露于一个或多个创伤性事件后产生,如重大的刺激、性侵犯、恐怖主义、或对一个人的生活的其他严重威胁。主要症状包括令人不安重复闪回,对事件的回避或记忆麻木,警觉性增高等。PTSD的诊断是在创伤性事件发生后持续一个月以上。美国精神病学会在2013年5月出版了《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版(DSM-5)。DSM-5将PTSD的核心症状修改为四组:(1
2、)在创伤事件发生后,存在1种(或多种)与创伤事件有关的重新体验症状;(2)创伤事件后开始持续地回避与创伤事件有关的刺激;(3)与创伤性事件有关的认知和心境方面的消极改变,在创伤事件发生后开始出现或加重;(4)与创伤事件有关的警觉性或反应性有显著的改变,在创伤事件发生后开始或加重。近年来,对PTSD的临床研究成为精神病学、心身医学和临床心理学的热点。根据DSM-5的标准和新的临床研究成果,本文对PTSD的病因和发病机制、临床表现、诊断标准、诊断和鉴别诊断、治疗、预防和预后进行了分析。【关键词】创伤后应激障碍;DSM-5;临床研究NewprogressofClinicalResearch
3、toPosttraumaticStressDisorderDENGMingYu,M.D.,Ph.D.Prof.ofPsychosomaticMedicine,theAmericanCollegeofEast-westHealthScience,NewYork,USA[Abstract]Posttraumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)isaseriousmentaldisorder.PTSDmaydevelopafterapersonisexposedtooneormoretraumaticevents,suchasmajorstress,sexualassault,
4、terrorism,orothermajorthreatsonaperson'slife.Mainsymptomsincludedisturbingrecurringflashbacks,avoidanceornumbingofmemoriesoftheevent,andhyperarousaletc.DiagnosisofPTSDiscontinuesformorethanamonthaftertheoccurrenceofatraumaticevent.AmericanPsychiatryAssociation(APA)haspublished5、isticalManualofMentalDisorders,5thEdition>(DSM-5)in2013.DSM-5willbethekeysymptomsofPTSDwereupdatedtofourgroups:(1)Presenceofone(ormore)intrusionsymptomsassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s),beginningafterthetraumaticevent(s)occurred;(2)Persistentavoidanceofstimuliassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s)6、,beginningafterthetraumaticevent(s)occurred;(3)Negativealterationsincognitionsandmoodassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s),beginningorworseningafterthetraumaticevent(s)occurred;(4)Markedalterationsinarousalandreactivityassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s),beginningorworseningafterthetraumaticevent(s7、)occurred.Inrecentyears,clinicalresearchonPTSDhasbecomeahotspotinpsychiatry,psychosomaticmedicineandclinicalpsychologyfields.AccordingtoupdateofDSM-5andnewachievementofclinicalresearch,thispaperhasanalyzedtoetiologyandpathogenesis
5、isticalManualofMentalDisorders,5thEdition>(DSM-5)in2013.DSM-5willbethekeysymptomsofPTSDwereupdatedtofourgroups:(1)Presenceofone(ormore)intrusionsymptomsassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s),beginningafterthetraumaticevent(s)occurred;(2)Persistentavoidanceofstimuliassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s)
6、,beginningafterthetraumaticevent(s)occurred;(3)Negativealterationsincognitionsandmoodassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s),beginningorworseningafterthetraumaticevent(s)occurred;(4)Markedalterationsinarousalandreactivityassociatedwiththetraumaticevent(s),beginningorworseningafterthetraumaticevent(s
7、)occurred.Inrecentyears,clinicalresearchonPTSDhasbecomeahotspotinpsychiatry,psychosomaticmedicineandclinicalpsychologyfields.AccordingtoupdateofDSM-5andnewachievementofclinicalresearch,thispaperhasanalyzedtoetiologyandpathogenesis
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