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1、植物学通报2006,23(5):531~542ChineseBulletinofBotany综述.乙烯乙烯信号转导的分子机制*安丰英,郭红卫北京大学生命科学学院植物基因工程和蛋白质工程国家重点实验室,北京100871摘要气态植物激素乙烯在植物生长发育和应对生物及非生物胁迫过程中起着重要作用。在过去的十几年中,对模式植物拟南芥的分子遗传研究已建立从信号感知到转录调控的乙烯信号转导线性模型。拟南芥共有5个乙烯受体ETR1、ERS1、ETR2、ERS2和EIN4,目前已知ETR1定位在内质网上,与类似于Raf的蛋白激酶CTR1协同负调控乙烯反应。EIN2和EIN3/EILs位于CTR1下游,
2、正调控乙烯反应。两个F-box蛋白EBF1和EBF2通过泛素/26S蛋白体降解途径调控EIN3的稳定性。5’→3’的外切核酸酶EIN5通过启动EBF1和EBF2mRNA的降解,拮抗EBF1和EBF2对EIN3的负反馈调控。目前对于乙烯信号转导途径关键组分的生化功能和乙烯下游反应途径的了解甚少,乙烯信号转导途径与其它途径之间还存在着广泛的交叉反应,这些问题的解决将大大增加我们对乙烯信号转导途径的了解。关键词乙烯,信号转导,植物激素MolecularMechanismofEthyleneSignalTransduction*FengyingAn,HongweiGuoTheNationalL
3、aboratoryofProteinEngineeringandPlantGeneticEngineering,CollegeofLifeSciences,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,ChinaAbstractThegaseousplanthormoneethyleneregulatesavarietyofdevelopmentalprocessandbioticandabioticstressresponseinplant.Duringthepastdecade,moleculargeneticstudiesonthemodelplantArabid
4、opsishaveestablishedalinearsignaltransductionpathwayfromsignalperceptionontheendoplasmicreticulummembranetotranscriptionalregulationinthenucleus.EthylenereceptorfamilyinArabidopsisconsistsoffivecomponents,includingETR1,ERS1,ETR2,ERS2andEIN4,atleastoneofwhich,ETR1,wasreportedtolocalizeonendoplasm
5、icreticulum,andnegativelyregulatesethyleneresponsebyformingacomplexwithRaf-likekinaseCTR1.DownstreamofCTR1areEIN2andEIN3/EILs,whichpositivelyregulateethyleneresponse.Intheabsenceofethylenesignal,EIN3isquicklydegradedthroughanubiquitin/26SproteasomepathwaymediatedbytwoF-boxproteins,EBF1andEBF2.EI
6、N5,a5’→3’exoribonuclease,antagonizesthenegativefeedbackregulationonEIN3bypromotingEBF1andEBF2mRNAdecay.Despitetherecentadvancesontheunderstandingofplantresponsetoethylene,manyaspectsoftheethylenesignalingpathwayremainunknown,especiallythebiochemicalnatureandtheregulatorymechanismsofkeypathwaycom
7、ponents,aswellasthemolecularbasisofvariousinteractionsbetweentheethyleneresponsepathwayandothersignalingpathways.Inthecomingyearstheresearchinthisfastadvancingfieldmightprovidemuchoftheneededanswerstothese基金项目:北京大学985项目*Auth
