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1、●地理字汇●physicalgeography自然地理economicgeography经济地理geopolitics地理政治论ethnography民族志cosmography宇宙志cosmology宇宙论geology地理学toponymy地名学oceanography海洋学meteorology气象学orography山志学hydroaraphy水文学vegetation植被relief地形,地貌climate气候Earth地球,大地Universe,cosmos宇宙world世界globe地球仪earth,globe地壳continent大陆ter
2、rafirma陆地coast海岸archipelago群岛peninsula半岛island岛plain平原valley谷地meadow(小)草原prairie(大)草原lake湖泊pond池塘marsh,bog,swamp沼泽smalllake小湖lagoon泻湖moor,moorland荒原desert沙漠dune沙丘oasis绿洲savanna,savannah(南美)大草原virginforest原始森林steppe大草原tundra冻原cardinalpoints基本方位compassrose罗盘meridian子午线,经线parallel纬线l
3、ongitude经度latitude纬度equator赤道TropicofCancer北回归线TropicofCapricorn南回归线equinoctialline二分线Northpole北极Southpole南极polarcircle极圈northern北的southern南的glacialzone寒带temperatezone温带torridzone热带zenith天顶heightabovesealevel海拔高度sea海highseas,opensea远海ocean大洋inlet小湾bay海湾,湾gulf海湾cove湾cape海角promontor
4、y,headland海角,岬cliff悬崖峭壁port,harbour港(美作:harbor)bay,roadstead碇泊处sandbank沙滩beach,shore海滩strait海峡isthmus地峡reef礁石key暗礁sandbar沙洲tide潮wave浪undertow回头浪tempest风暴groundswell涌浪seaquake海震,海啸lowwater最低水位territorialwaters领海,领水icefloe冰川iceberg冰山shore海岸bank河岸estuary湖港区delta三角洲mouth,ria河口flord峡湾c
5、urrent,watercourse水流stream,brook小溪torrent湍流山溪rapids急流source源头spring泉bed河床flood洪水flow泛滥swelling,freshet河水猛涨,涨水basin流域waterfall,falls,cascade瀑布cataract大瀑布tributary支流confluent汇合点meander河曲canal运河wadi,wady干谷mountainrange,mountainchain山脉knot山脉的交结点mountain,mount山massif山丘mountaincrest陡峭的山
6、峰summit,top,crest山顶,峰peak山顶,巅mountainpass,col山口highestpeak高山spur,ridge山嘴slope,side山坡volcano火山lava熔岩activevolcano活火山ravine,canyon山谷narrowpass羊肠小道gorge峡谷crevice断裂precipice悬崖glacier冰川plateau,tableland平原highplateau高原hill小山,山岗hillock小丘knoll圆丘rock岩石canaln.运河coren.地核cratern火山口crustn.地壳cy
7、clen.天体的循环damn.水坝debrisn.碎片,岩屑deformationn.变形diversityn.多样性edgen.边缘,边界erosionn.腐蚀,侵蚀eruptionn.爆发,火山灰formern.形成者,模型frontiern.边界,新开发的地带funneln.漏斗glaciern.冰川intervaln.时间间隔lodgen.小屋mantlen.地幔marginn.(湖,池等的)边缘offshoreadj.海面上的,远离岸的orbitn.轨道rangen.山脉,多山的地区mountainrangemountainchainknotn.
8、山脉的交结点summit,top,crest,peakn.山顶ra
