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1、078-085_SCMsoftware12/18/024:30PMPage7878GettingsupplychainsoftwarerightKishoreKanakamedala,GlennRamsdell,andVatsSrivatsanAstudyofearlyadoptersofsupply-chain-managementsoftwareshowsthatitworksbestwhereitisneededmost—butisnouseasabandageoverflawedprocesses.verthepastdecade,companieshaveinvestedheavily
2、inwiringOtheirsupplychainswithsoftwaredesignedtomanageinformationflowsamongtheirinternaloperations,suppliers,andcustomers.From1999to2002,vendorssoldmorethan$15billioninsupply-chain-managementsoftwarelicenses—thefirststepinaprocess.Andthatfiguredoesn’tincludethecostoftheexpensiveinstallationandmaintenan
3、cecontractstocome.Thesoftwareanditsdevelopers—companies,suchasSAPandOracle,thatsellapplicationsforresourceplanning,aswellassupplychainspecialistssuchasAriba,i2Technologies,andManugistics—haveattractedattentionbecausethesoftwarepromisestotrackandpredictcustomerdemandand,asaconsequence,toadjusttheflowo
4、fgoodsmoreprecisely.Whensupply-chain-managementsoftwareworks,itcanhelpcutinventorylevels,improvedeliveryschedules,andensurethatsupplymeetsdemand—allofwhichshouldmakecustomersmoresatisfied.Onesupplychainexecutivecallsthesoftwareoxygenforhisbusiness.Buttheresultshavebeenmixed.Somecompanies(includingDel
5、lComputerandWal-Mart)haveharnessedthepowerofthistechnologytoimprovetheirsupplychainsor,incertaincases,totransformtheirbusinessmodels.Othershaverunintotrouble,somepubliclyacknowledgingthattheyhavespenthundredsofmillionsofdollarswithnoimpact.078-085_SCMsoftware12/18/024:30PMPage79BILLYJONES078-085_SCM
6、software12/18/024:30PMPage8080THEMcKINSEYQUARTERLY2003NUMBER1GoodsupplychainmanagementisfundamentalAsupplychain,simplystated,comprisestheflowofacompany’sproducts,informationaboutthem,andthemoneythatchangeshandsbetweenthecompanyanditssuppliersandcustomers.Whenacompanymanagestheprocessesthatsupportthes
7、eflowswell,itcanfillordersfromcustomersquicklyyetkeepitsinventorytoabareminimum.Whenitdoesn’t,thesupplychainbreaksdown.Customersplaceordersbuthearthattheprod-uctsareoutofstock,evenwhentheymightbeavailab
