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时间:2019-05-27
《Domain modelling and NLP Formal Ontologies Lexica Or a Bit of Both》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、DomainmodellingandNLP:FormalOntologies?Lexica?OraBitofBoth?MassimoPoesioUniversityofEssexLanguageandComputationGroupJune13,2005AbstractThereareanumberofgenuinelyopenquestionsconcerningtheuseofdomainmodelsinnlp.ItwouldbegreatifcontributorstoAppliedOntologycouldhelpaddre
2、ssingthemratherthanaddingtoanalreadylongpolemicalliterature...1Empiricistsvs.FormalistsAllOverAgain?Invirtuallyeveryworkshoponontologies,terminology,orlexicalacquisitionIattendedinthelastyearsatnlpeventsIfoundmyselfwatching(orgettinginvolvedin)fiercedebatesastowhichappr
3、oachtodomaincategorizationis‘best’:designingaclean,elegantontologywithaclearsemanticsandbasedonsoundphilosophicalprinciplesand/orscientificevidence;orrelyingonevidencefrompsychologyandcorpora,andonmachinelearningtechniques,toacquire(automatically,asfaraspossible)adomain
4、structurethatinmostcaseswillberathermessy.(Theoppositesidesoftheargumentarepresentedin(Wilks,2002)and(Smith,2004).)Arewebacktothebadolddaysofthe‘neat’vs‘fuzzy’debate?Afightbetweenformalistsandempiricistsforthesoulofdomainmodelling?Inthisarticle,Iwillsummarizeacomputatio
5、nallinguist’sviewoftheissuesinvolved,andsuggestwaysinwhichthedebatecouldbecomemoreconstructive.2ABitofHistoryCategorizingtheworldhasbeenafavouritesportofphilosopherseversinceAristotle,buttheinterestoftheaicommunityincategoriesstartedwiththeworkonsemanticnetworksbyQuill
6、ian(1968),andthesubsequentproposalsbyMinskyonframe-basedrepresentations(1975).1Theseproposalsintroduceda1Itmightbeworthnotingthattheinspirationforthisworkwasprimarilypsychological:tomodelassociativememoryinhumans.1veryintuitivewayofrepresentingknowledgethatallowedaneas
7、yandefficientimplementationofinferencessuchasinheritanceandsimilaritybymeansoftreetraversalalgorithmslikespreadingactivation.Forthenlpcommunity,domainontologiesencodedbysemanticnetworksquicklybecamethesolutiontoallproblemsinnaturallanguageinterpretationthatseemedtorequir
8、eaninteractionwithsemantics,rangingfromexploitingselectionalrestrictionstoguideparsing(inexamplessuchasBillsawamanwit
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