THEIMPACT OF LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY DIFFERENCE ON LEARNER－LEARNER S

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1、2009年10月中国英语教学（双月刊）Oct．2009第32卷第5期TeachingEnglishinChina—CELEAJournal（Bimonthly）Vol．32No．5THEIMPACTOFLANGUAGEPROFICIENCYDIFFERENCEONLEARNER－LEARNER곰SNEGOTIATIONOFMEANINGMouYiwuLanzhouJiaotongUniversityAbstractThecurrentexperiment，basedonLong곰sInteractionHypothesis，explorestheimpact

2、ofproficiencydifferenceontheamountandtypeoflearner－learner곰snegotiationofmeaningproducedindyadicinteraction．Ithasbeenfoundthatproficiencyisafactorthatinfluencestheamountoflearner－learner곰snegotiationofmeaning．High－LowdyadsproducemorenegotiationofmeaningthanHigh－HighdyadsandLow－Lowd

3、yads．However，proficiencyhasnotbeenfoundtobeafactorthatinfluencesthetypeoflearner－learner곰snegotiationofmeaning．Keywordslearnerproficiency；InteractionHypothesis；negotiationofmeaning1．TheresearchbackgroundFrustratedbythelimitationsofthePPP（presentation，practice，andproduction）modelwhi

4、chisseenbySkehan（1996）asanapproachassociatedwithrelativefailure，task－basedlanguageteachingbeganin1980s．Task－basedlanguageteachingconsidersthelearningprocessasoneoflearningthroughdoingandmeaningprimary．Tasks，inthisviewpoint，areactivitieswhichhavemeaningastheirprimaryfocus．Itisthetas

5、kwhich“drivesthelearner곰ssystemforwardbyengagingacquisitionalprocesses”（Skehan1996：20）．Thegoaloftask－basedresearchistoidentify“psycholinguisticallymotivatedtaskcharacteristics”that“canbeshowntoaffectthenatureoflanguageproducedinperformingataskinwayswhicharerelevanttosecondlanguagep

6、rocessingandsecondlanguagelearning”（Ellis2005：722）．Inthisperspective，tasksaredevicesthatprovidelearnerswiththedatatheyneedforlearningandthedesignofataskisseenaspotentiallypredisposing，eveninducinglearnerstoengageincertaintypesofinformation－processingthatareimportantforlanguageacqui

7、sition（Ellis2000）．OnepsycholinguisticmodeltoinvestigatingtasksisprovidedbyLong곰sInteractionHypothesis（1983c，1996）．ThekeynotionunderlyingtheInteractionHypothesisisthatsecondlanguageacquisitionispromotedwhenlearnershaveopportunitiestosolvecommunicationproblemsbymeansofnegotiationofme

8、aning（Ellis2000；Smith2004）