清孝陵与泰陵的比较研究

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1、清孝陵与泰陵的比较研究摘要顺治帝孝陵和雍正帝泰陵，分别是清东西陵区的首陵，为后世帝陵的选址及规制提供了参照，也为东西陵区的后续营建产生了重要影响，在整个清朝陵寝建筑体系中具有重要的地位。本文在搜集相关材料和实地勘察的基础上，将二者从陵主生平和性格、陵区选址和风水布局、陵寝规制与建筑结构三方面进行详细地比较。最后从二者不同的葬制谈起，以已发掘的裕陵和崇陵的地宫形制为主要依据，推测两座陵寝的地宫结构，得出结论：清朝陵寝继承和发展了明朝陵寝的规制，但由于满族本身的民族习惯，葬制经历了由火葬到土葬的转变。除道光帝慕陵之外，帝陵地宫结构一般为前中后三室，九券四门。从这个基本理解出发深化对

2、清孝陵和泰陵的认知。关键词：清孝陵；清泰陵；规制；地宫结构；比较AbstractShunzhiXiaotombandYongzhengTaitomb,werethefirsttombsintheQingeastmausoleumandtheQingwestmausoleumrespectively,provideareferenceforthelocationandregulationoflatertombsoftheemperors,alsohaveanimportantinfluenceforthesubsequentconstructionoftheQingeastmau

3、soleumandtheQingwestmausoleum,hasanimportantpositioninthewholeQingDynastymausoleumbuildingsystem.Basedonthecollectionofrelatedmaterialsandfieldsurvey,thispapercomparesonthetwositefromthreeaspects:themastersofMausoleumoflifeandcharacter,thethelocationofMausoleumandFengshuilayout,andtheregulat

4、ionandbuildingstructure.Finally,mentionedfromthetwodifferentburialsystems,toexplorethethestructureoftheundergroundpalaceofthetwotombs,basedontheYutombandChongtombwhichhasbeenexcavated.ComingtotheconclusionthattheQingDynastyMausoleuminheritancesanddeveloptheregulationofMingDynastyMausoleum,bu

5、tbecauseoftheManchucustomsitself,theburialsystemchangesfromcremationtoburial.InadditiontotheDaoguangMutomb,thestructureoftheundergroundpalacePalaceofEmperorsincludesthreechambers,andninegatearches,fourdoors.StartingfromthebasicunderstandingtodeepenthecognitiontotheQingxiaotombandTaitomb.Keyw

6、ords:QingXiaotomb;QingTaitomb;Regulation;Thestructureoftheundergroundpalace;Comparison目录TOCo"1-4"hzuHYPERLINKl"_Toc480401679"摘要IHYPERLINKl"_Toc480401680"AbstractIIHYPERLINKl"_Toc480401681"目录IIIHYPERLINKl"_Toc480401682"前言1HYPERLINKl"_Toc480401683"一、顺治帝和雍正帝的性格比较1HYPERLINKl"_Toc480401

7、684"（一）世祖顺治帝性格1HYPERLINKl"_Toc480401685"（二）世宗雍正帝性格1HYPERLINKl"_Toc480401686"二、清朝陵区分布及东西陵区的选址、风水和布局比较2HYPERLINKl"_Toc480401687"（一）清朝陵区分布2HYPERLINKl"_Toc480401688"（二）清东西陵的选址、风水与布局比较3HYPERLINKl"_Toc480401689"1、清东陵的选址、风水与布局4HYPERLINKl"_Toc4804016