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《A Review of Energetic Materials Synthesis By Philip F Pagoria-Gregory S Lee-Alexander R Mitchell & Robert D Schmidt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、ThermochimicaActa384(2002)187–204Areviewofenergeticmaterialssynthesis*PhilipF.Pagoria,GregoryS.Lee,AlexanderR.Mitchell,RobertD.SchmidtEnergeticMaterialsCenter,ChemistryandMaterialsScienceDirectorate,LawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratory,P.O.Box808,L-282,Livermore,CA94551,USAAbstrac
2、tEnergeticmaterials(explosives,propellantsandpyrotechnics)areusedextensivelyforbothcivilianandmilitaryapplications.Thereareongoingresearchprogramsworldwidetodeveloppyrotechnicswithreducedsmokeandnewexplosivesandpropellantswithhigherperformanceorenhancedinsensitivitytothermalorsho
3、ckinsults.Inrecentyears,thesynthesisofenergetic,heterocycliccompoundshavereceivedagreatamountofinterest.Heterocyclesgenerallyhaveahigherheatofformation,density,andoxygenbalancethantheircarbocyclicanalogues.Thisreviewwillconcentrateonrecentadvancesinthesynthesisofheterocyclesasene
4、rgeticmaterialsandwillcomplementtheexcellentreviewofrecentadvancesinenergeticmaterialspublishedin1998byAgrawal[Prog.EnergyCombust.Sci.24(1998)1].#2002ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Energeticmaterials;Heterocycles;Synthesis1.3,6-Dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazoles(DNPPs
5、)recentlydevelopedanalternativesynthesisofDNPP,showninFig.1,whichhadseveraladvantagesovertheRecently,atLawrenceLivermoreNationalLabora-Shevelevsynthesis,namely,easeofsynthesisscale-uptory(LLNL),wehaveusedmolecularmodelingandandimprovedproductyield.Themostsignificantexplosiveperfor
6、mancepredictioncodestoguidetheimprovementwasthecombinationofthedecarbox-synthesisofnewenergeticmaterialsbasedontheylationandnitrationstepsintoasinglenitrativepyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazoleringsystemwithenergiesdecarboxylationstep.Therefore,3-carboxy-6-nitro-greaterthanHMX.Thisisoneofthe
7、fewexamplespyrazol[4,3-c]pyrazolewastreatedwith98%HNO3inwhichtargetmoleculesweredesignedbyasetofat458CtogiveDNPPin70%yield.Theoverallyieldpredictivecodes,werethensynthesized,andtheirofDNPPfromacetylacetonewas21%,whichrepre-physicalpropertiesweremeasured.Itwaspredictedsentsasignifi
8、cantincreasefromtheShevelevsynth-thatcag
