全新主题大学英语读写译教程4-5

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1、Book4Unit5KeytoSuccessSectionAPre-readingQuestions1.WhatisBMWknownfor?2.Whatdoestheacronyminitialletters“BMW”standfor?3.DoyoulikeBMWcarsandwhatcharacteristicsdoBMWcarshave?BMWstandsfortopqualitycars.Itscontinuingsuccessiscertainlyattributabletoits“topquality”managementw

2、hichseemstoberunningonthevergeofchaosalotoftimes.TheSecretofBMW’sSuccess1At4:00p.m.onaFridayafternoon,whenmostGermanworkershavelongdepartedfortheweekend,themini-caféssprinkledthroughoutBMW’ssprawlingR&DcenterinMunicharejammedwithengineers,designers,andmarketingmanagersd

3、eliberatingsointentlythatit’shardtohearabovethedin.Eventhecappuccinomachineisrunningonempty.It’sanatmospherefarmoreSiliconValleythanDetroit.2“Atlunchandbreakseveryoneisdiscussingideasandprojectsallthetime.It’ssomewhatmanic.Butitmakesthingsmovefaster,”saysBMWchiefdesigne

4、rAdrianvanHooydonk.3TheintenseemployeebuzzatBMWishotmanagementtheoryinaction.TopconsultantsandacademicssaythekindofinformalnetworksthatflourishatBMWandthenoiseandborderlinechaostheyengenderinbigorganizationsarevitalforinnovation—especiallyincompanieswhereknowledgesitsin

5、thebrainsoftensofthousandsof48workersandnotinacomputerserver.Meldingthatbrainpower,theysay,isessentialtounleashingthebestideas.4HandsAcrossDivisions 5“Cross-functionalteamslookmessyandinefficient,buttheyaremoreeffectiveatproblemsolving,”saysJamesM.Manyika,apartneratMcKi

6、nsey&Co.inSanFranciscowhohasstudiedtheeffectivenessofsuchnetworks.CompaniessuchasBMWthatleverageworkers’tacitknowledgethroughsuchnetworks“arewidelyaheadoftheircompetitors,”Manyikaadds.6BMWisoneofahandfulofglobalcompaniesincludingNokia(NOK)andRaytheon(RTN)thathaveturnedt

7、onetworkstomanageday-to-dayoperations,supersedingclassichierarchies.Thosepioneeringcompaniesstillturntomanagementhierarchiestosetstrategicgoals,butworkershavethefreedomtoforgeteamsacrossdivisionsandachievetargetsinthebestwaypossible—evenifthatwayisunconventional.7Andthe

8、yareencouragedtobuildtiesacrossdivisionstospeedchange.“Goodcompanieshavethislateralabilitytocommunicateacrossd