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1、遗传学报ActaGeneticaSinica,September2003,30(9):873～880ISSN0379-4172OriginofHakkaandHakkanese:AGeneticsAnalysis121111,①1,②LIHui,PANWu2Yun,WENBo,YANGNing2Ning,JINJian2Zhong,JINLi,LUDa2Ru(11CenterforAnthropologicalStudiesatFudanUniversity,Shanghai200433,China;21InstituteofLinguistics,ShanghaiTeac
2、hersUniversity,Shanghai200234,China)Abstract:HakkaisadistinctiveHanChinesepopulationinSouthernChinaspeakingHakkanese.TheoriginofHakkahasbeencontroversial.Inthisreport,weanalyzedYchromosomalmarkersin148Hakkamales.PrinciplecomponentanalysisofY2SNPhap2lotypedistributionshowsHakkaisclusteredst
3、ronglywiththeHaninNorthernChina,andisalsoclosetoShe,aHmong2Mien2speakingpopulation,whilethegeneralSouthernHanisfairlyclosetoDaicpopulations.Admixtureanalysisrevealedthattherelativegeneticcontribution8012%(Han),13%(She)and618%(Kam)inHakka.ThenetworkofY2STRhaplotypeofM7individualsinallconcer
4、nedpopulationssuggestedtwopossibleoriginsofHmong2MiencontributioninHakka:OneisfromHubeiandtheotherisfromCanton.TheKamcontributioninHakkaislikelyfromKan2Yue,theancientaborigineofKiangsi(Jiangxi).Thefrequencyof9bp2deletioninRegionVofmitochondrialDNAofHakkais1917%,whichisquiteclosetoShebutfar
5、fromHan.WethereforeconcludedthatgeneticallythemajorityofHakkagenepoolshallcomefromNorthHanwithShecontributingthemostamongallnon2Hangroups.RegardingtheHmong2MiencharacterofHakkanese,thegeneticstructureofHakkashowstheircoremaybeKim2man,theancientHmong2Mien.WehypothesizedthatagreatnumberofHan
6、peoplefromNorthChinajointhispopulationinsucces2sion.SouthernChinesedialects,suchasHakkanesemayalsobethoselanguagesofSouthernaboriginesatfirst,andturntoextantappearanceunderthecontinuanceeffectofNorthernChinese.Keywords:Hakka;geneticstructure;Y2chromosome;SNP;STR;Shenationality;Hakkanese客家人
7、起源的遗传学分析121111,①1,②李辉,潘悟云,文波,杨宁宁,金建中,金力,卢大儒(11复旦大学生命科学学院现代人类学研究中心,上海200433;21上海师范大学语言学研究所,上海200234)摘要:客家人是南方讲客家话的特殊汉族民系,其来源学术界有一定争议。该研究对福建长汀的148个客家男子做了遗传分析。从父系遗传的Y染色体SNP的主成分分析看,客家人与中原汉族最近,又偏向于苗瑶语族群中的畲族,不同于其他南方汉族偏向于侗台语族群。混合分析发现客家人数据结构中汉族结构占8012%,类畲族结构13%,类侗族结构6
