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1、P1:GDXInternationalJournalofPolitics,CultureandSociety[ijps]ph152-ijps-452813October1,200219:27StylefileversionNov.19th,1999InternationalJournalofPolitics,CultureandSociety,Vol.16,No.2,Winter2002(°C2002)Globalization,Culture,andIdentitiesinCrisisRobertJ.Lieber¤,zandRuthE.WeisbergyCultureinit
2、svariousformsnowservesasaprimarycarrierofglobalizationandmodernvalues,andconstitutesanimportantarenaofcontestationfornational,religious,andethnicidentity.AlthoughreactionsinEurope,Japan,andothersocietieswheremodernvaluesprevail,tendtobesymbolic,inareasofthedevelopingworld,especiallyinMuslim
3、countrieswheretraditionalvaluesandradicallydifferentnotionsofidentityandsocietypredominate,reactionstendtobeveryintenseandredirectedatexternaltargetsthroughformsoftransferenceandscapegoating.Ultimately,thisisnotsomuchaclashbetweencivilizationsasaclashwithincivilizations.KEYWORDS:culture;glo
4、balization;identity;transference;backlash.GLOBALIZATIONANDCULTUREGlobalizationanditsdiscontentshastakenonhugesignificanceintheaftermathofSeptember11th.DrivenbytheendoftheColdWar,adramaticsurgeininternationaltrade,investmentandfinance,andtheonsetoftheinformationrevolution,thesubjecthadattracte
5、dgrowingattentionformorethanadecade.However,thetraumaticeventsof9/11,thenihilisticrageevidentinthedestructionoftheWorldTradeCenter,andtheissuesthathaveariseninitsaftermathprovideanenormousnewimpetus.Untilveryrecently,analysesofglobalizationhaveemphasizedeco-nomicsandpoliticsratherthancultur
6、e.Definitionsofglobalizationabound,¤ProfessorofGovernment&ForeignService,DepartmentofGovernment,GeorgetownUni-versity,Washington,DC.yDean,SchoolofFineArts,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia,WattHall103,LosAngeles,CA90089-0292.zCorrespondenceshouldbedirectedtoRobertJ.Lieber,ProfessorofGovernment&
7、ForeignService,DepartmentofGovernment,GeorgetownUniversity,Washington,DC20057-1034;e-mail:lieberr@georgetown.edu.2730891-4486/02/1200-0273/0°C2002HumanSciencesPress,Inc.P1:GDXInternationalJournalofPolitics,CultureandSociety[ijps]ph152-ijps-452813October1
