岩石力学与工程学报英文版模版1

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1、JournalofRockMechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering.2012,4(2):127–139Aretrievablesensorinstallationtechniqueforacquiringhighfrequencysignals123M.Ge,H.R.HardyJr.,H.Wang1MissouriUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Rolla,MO65409,USA2PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark,PA16802,USA3NewmontMiningCorp.,G

2、reenwoodVillage,CO80111,USAReceived9November2011;receivedinrevisedform19March2012;accepted27March2012Abstract:Theuseofin-seamwavesforvoiddetectioninminesrequiresthecapabilityofcapturinghighfrequencysignalsoverlargedistances.Forinstance,theAiryphaseofLovewaveswhichareusedforvoiddetectionincoalminesra

3、ngesfromseveralhundredtooveronethousandHertzandtheexpectedtraveldistanceofthesesignalsisatleast90m(equivalenttoadetectiondistanceof45m)forthetechniquetobeconsideredpractical.Inordertoobtainhighqualityandbroadbandsignals,sensorsareconventionallygroutedatthebottomofboreholessothattheattenuationduetoth

4、efracturedsurfaceisminimizedandthecouplingeffectisimproved.However,tobeeconomicallyfeasible,theexpensiveandhighsensitivesensorsmustberetrievablesothattheycanbeusedrepeatedlyatthesameorotherlocations.Becauseoftheseconcerns,aretrievablesensorinstallationtechniquewasdeveloped.Thispaperprovidesadetailed

5、reviewofthetechniqueaswellasabriefdiscussionofitsapplications.Thetechniqueissimpleandreliableforbothinstallationandretrievaloperationsandcanbeusedforboreholesorientedinanydirections.Thetechniquehasbeendemonstratedinover200sensorinstallation/retrievaloperationsundervariousboreholeconditions,including

6、bituminouscoal,anthracitecoal,shale,sandstoneandtrona.Withthistechnique,wewereabletodetectthehighfrequencysignalsrequiredforourprojects.Forinstance,thesignalsusedatatronamineforvoiddetectionhaveatypicalfrequencyof5kHzwiththetraveldistanceof150–200m.Theresultsoftheseoperationshaveshownthatsensorsinst

7、alledintheprescribedmannerexhibitpredictable,consistent,andrepeatableperformance.Thetechniquealsoprovidesaneconomicalandreliablemeansformanyotherfieldseismicmonitoringapplicationswherehighqualityandbr