中考复习之代词

《中考复习之代词》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

中考复习之代词一：复习目标1，知识目标：了解和掌握初中英语学习要求掌握代词及用法；2，能力目标：能够正确地使用不同的代词；3，情感目标：通过代词的学习，比较英语和中文语言表达和习惯的不同，感受语言不同所体现的文化差异。二：复习重难点1，复习重点：重温不同代词的意思和用法；2，复习难点：运用正确恰当地使用各种代词。三：复习过程I．忆根据句意及首字母提示或汉语提示完成句子。(1)T_______isagoodidea(2)He is the man w________ you have been looking for.(3) Our school is here，and ___________(他们的学校) is there. (4)They love _________________(彼此).(5)W_______ are you looking for?II．学1，概念及考向：代词是代替名词的词，按照其不同的含义与作用分类。代词种类多，用途广，试题中出现频率很高，中考中涉及各个题型，约占中考试题的10%左右，出现较多的是不定代词的用法及代词作主语时和谓语动词一致的用法，人称代词主格与宾格用法区别，形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的用法区别。代词在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。2,代词不同种类详解i．人称代词：单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语.Heteaches______(we)Chinese.2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:单数:二,三,一（You,she/heandI）复数:一,二,三(we,youandthey)注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)10 SheandIhavebeentoBeijing.Whobrokethewindow?IandMike.注：it还有一些特别的用法。1）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s+adj.+todosth.”句型中.2)用在句型:“Itseemsthat…”中.3)用在句型:“It’sone’sturntodosth”中.4)用在句型:“It’stimetodosth/forsth”中.5)用在句型:“It’s+adj.+that从句”中.6)用作形式宾语,用来代替动词不定式.make/think/feel/find+it+adj.(名词)+todosth.ii．物主代词:第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。2.名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of连用。Ourclassroomisasbigas_________(they).Thisisafriendof_______(my).注:1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词.（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+名词）2)形容词性的物主代词与own连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.Myownhouse=ahouseofmyowniii．反身代词:单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves记忆小窍门:反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.反身代词的常用搭配:enjoyoneselfhurtoneselfteachoneself=learn…byoneselfallbyoneselfhelponeselfto…lookafteroneselfleavesb.byoneselfsaytooneselfforoneselfdressoneselfimproveoneselfseeoneselfinthemirror10 iv．指示代词:1.近指:thisthese远指:thatthose2.用法:1)thatthose常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复.that代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词;those代替复数名词.TheweatherinGuangdongishotterthan_____inQinghai.Thebooksinthatshoparecheaperthan______inthisshop.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.those2)this,that可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.Hehadabadcold.Thatiswhyhedidn’tcome.3)在电话用语中,this代替自己,而that代替对方.-ThisisTomspeaking.-Whoisthat?v．疑问代词1）疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个：格指人指物指人或物主格whowhatwhich宾格whom所有格whosewhosewhose　　　2）疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有格的变化。what,which,whose还可作限定词。试比较：　疑问代词：Whosearethesebooksonthedesk?　　桌上的书是谁的？　　　　　　WhatwasthedirectionalflowofU.S.territorialexpansion?美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的？　　限定词：Whosebooksaretheseonthedesk?桌上的书是谁的？WhateventsledtomostoftheeastoftheMississippiRiverbecomingpartoftheUnitedStates?　哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国？　说明1：无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which和what所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内。例如：　Whichgirlsdoyoulikebest?你喜欢哪几个姑娘？　　Whatgirlsdoyoulikebest?你喜欢什么样的姑娘？　说明2：Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom,例如：10 　　Who（m）didyoumeetonthestreet?你在街上遇到了谁？（作动词宾语）Who（m）areyoutakingthebookto?你要把这书带给谁？（作介词宾语，置句首）　　　Towhomdidyouspeakonthecampus?你在校园里和谁讲话了？（作介词宾语，置介词后，不能用who取代。）说明3：疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时，过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首，现代英语中，疑问代词在句首，介词在句末。例如：　Forwhatdomostpeopleliveandwork?大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么？（旧文体）Whatareyoulookingfor?你在找什么？（现代英语）　说明4：疑问代词还可引导名词性从句。例如：　Ican'tmakeoutwhatheisdrivingat.我不知道他用意何在。Canyoutellmewhoseistheblueshirtonthebed?　你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗？MuchofwhatyousayIagreewith,butIcannotgoallthewaywithyou.你说的我大部分同意，但并不完全赞同。vi．不定代词:不定代词是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的复合不定代词，如anybody，something，noone。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但every和no只能作定语；none和由some，any，no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语。例如：---Doyouhaveacar?　--你有一辆小汽车吗？---Yes，Ihaveone.　　--是的，我有一辆。---Idon'tknowanyofthem.　他们，我一个也不认识。vii．复合不定代词：someanynoeverythingsomethinganythingnothingeverythingonesomeoneanyonenooneeveryonebodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody注:1.复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数.2.形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词放在不定代词之后.3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时,动词不定式放在不定代词之后.4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中,1)指人的不定代词,其反义疑问句中的主语用he或they.10 2)指物的不定代词,其反义疑问句中的主语用it.5.any,anything,anyone,anybody通常用于否定句中或疑问句中代替some，something，someone，somebody，他们也可被用于肯定句中,表示“任何……/任何物/任何人”Everything_________(begin)togrowinspring,______________?Isthere_______________________(一些有趣的事)intoday’snewspaper?Iwantsomething___________(eat).viii．不定代词的区别.1.one与it的区别One代替同类事物中的一种,而it代替上文中出现的某事物.E.g.Thisbookisagoodone.MayIborrowit?2.some与any的区别一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some代any.常用于could/would/May开头或whatabout/howabout….的句中。MayIhavesomewater?Heaskedmeforsomepaper,butIdidn’thaveany.3.many与much的区别Many+可数名词的复数Much+不可数名词都相当于alotof+复数名词/不可数名词注:alotof不能用于否定句中.否定句中用many/much.4.afew/few/alittle/little的区别表否定(几乎没有)表肯定(有一点/几个)修饰可数名词fewafew修饰不可数名词littlealittleThestoryiseasytoread.Thereare_____newwordsinit.Hurryup!Thereis_____timeleft.5.each/every的区别each表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.Therearetreesandflowerson_____sideofthestreet.______studenthasreadastory.注:each可以与of连用,eachof作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every不能与of连用.只能放在名词前作定语.Eachofus_______(study)hard.6.noone与none的区别noone表示没有人,不能与of连用.而noneof+复数名词/代词，作主语时，谓语常用单数。.Theboyswerealltired,but_____ofthemstoppedtohavearest.10 7.both/neither/either/all/none/any的区别都都不任何一个两者之间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneanyTherearemanytreeson____sideoftheriver.A.bothB.anyC.eitherD.all注:1).both的否定词是neither,all的否定词是none.2).bothof作主语时,谓语动词用复数.neitherof作主语时,谓语动词用单数.Neitheroftheanswers______(be)right.Bothofmyparents_______(be)workers.3).词组A)both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数.同义词组:notonly…butalso…反义词组:neither…nor…NotonlyyoubutalsoshelikeswatchingTV.=____you_____shelikewatchingTV.=YoulikewatchingTV,__________she.B)either…or…或者……或者……,neither…nor…既不……也不……连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.Neitheryounorhe______(be)right.OneofLilyandLucyisgoingtothepark.=_____Lily_____Lucy_____goingtothepark.C)either也可用于否定句中的“也”D)neither也可表示“也不”句型:neither…sb.某人也不怎么样.Ifyoudon’tgothere,__________I.(我也不去)4)howmany/howmuch的回答:用none回答.Who的回答:用noone回答.What的回答:用nothing回答.Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?__________.Whocananswerthequestion?_______.A.NoneB.NooneC.Nothing8.other/theother/others/theothers的区别后面没有名词后面有名词有数量限制(特指)theotherstheother没有数量限制(泛指)othersother注:1)one…theother…表示两者之间的一个……另一个……2)some…others…表示一些……一些……3)another表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个.只能修饰可数名词的单数.但another+数字+复数名词=数字+more+复数名词表示“另外几个……”Ihavetwobrothers,oneisateacher,_________isaworker.Somearecleaningtheclassroom,______aresweepingthewindow.Thereare20teachersinourschool.Eightofthemarementeachers,and_____are10 womenteacherseveryone每个，人人，大家不与of连用everyone每个人、物可与of连用9.Everyoneofushasseenthefilm.Everyoneshoulddotheirbest.III．展&点请全班同学完成下面的用所给题目，然后分配任务，请各小组上台讲解分给该小组的题目，然后其他小组点评。1.Pleasetell_____aboutitif_____doesn’tknow.A.her;herselfB.she;sheC.her;sheD.hers;her2.______officeismuchlargerthan_______.A.Ours;yoursB.Our;yoursC.Their;ourD.Your;their’s3.Isthere_______intoday’snewspaper?A.somethingimportantB.importantanythingC.anythingimportantD.importanteverything4.Thesweaterisn’t_______.It’s_______.A.yours;hisB.your;hersC.mine;he’sD.his;her5.WestudyChinese,Englishandsome_______subjects.A.theotherB.otherC.othersD.another6.Thefilmisnotinteresting._______likeit.A.LittleB.AlittleC.FewD.Afew7.Allofthemhavegoneout.Thereis______intheclassroom.A.somebodyB.anyoneC.everybodyD.nobody8.Let’sgoandplayfootball,_______?A.willyouB.shallweC.doweD.shallyou9.Doyouknow______dictionaryitis?A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.whom10.I’vetwofriends.______ofthemareatschool.A.BothB.NeitherC.EachD.AllIV．练1.Ofthethreeforeigners,oneisfromLondon,______arefromtheUSA.A.twoothersB.theothertwoC.anothertwoD.theboth2.–Whichwouldyoulike,sir,teaorcoffee?-Idon’tmind._______isOK.A.EitherB.NeitherC.AnyD.Both3.Help________tosomechicken,boysandgirls.A.youB.yoursC.yourselfD.yourselves10 4.–Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?-______milkand______eggs.A.Little;alittleB.Afew;fewC.Alittle;afewD.Afew;alittle5.–Whotaught______historylastyear?-Nobody!Helearnedit_______.A.him;himselfB.his;himselfC.himself;himselfD.his;him6.Thereisn’t______paperhere.Willyougoandget_______forme?A.any;anyB.any;someC.much;manyD.many;much7.Thefarmerisverybusybecausehe’sso_______sheeptokeepandso______worktodoeveryday.A.much;manyB.many;muchC.many;alotD.alot;much8.On______sideoftheriverthere’remanytalltrees.A.everyB.allC.bothD.each9.Thedaysinwinterareshorterthan______insummer.A.thatB.oneC.thoseD.these10.–Whoisplayingthepianointhenextroom?-______isLiPing’sbrother.A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.He11.______thetwinsenjoyed_______atthepartyyesterday.A.Both;themB.Both;themselvesC.Neither;themD.All;themselves12.–Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeoracupoftea?-______,thanks.I’dlikejustacupofwater.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None13.–Wouldyoulike_______milkinyourtea?-Yes,just_______.A.any;littleB.some;alittleC.much;afewD.alittle;some14.Thereis______todothisevening.A.muchnothingB.manynothingC.nothingmuchD.nothingmany15.Thetwofriendsweresopleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforget______.A.anythingelseB.somethingelseC.nothingelseD.everythingelse16.–Isthisyourshoe?-Yes,itis.Butwhereis_______?A.theotherB.anotherC.otheroneD.theotherone17.WhatIwanttosayis______:Englishisaveryusefullanguage.A.itB.thisC.thatD.those18.TheyhaveanEnglishlesson______day,Monday,WednesdayandFriday.A.eachotherB.everyotherC.someothersD.anothermore19.Wefound_______veryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.A.thisB.thatC.itD.it’s20.-______isLilylike?10 -Oh,she’stallandthin.A.HowB.WhoC.WhichD.What21.–Wouldyoulikemilkororange?-______.Ipreferwater.(2000西安)A.EachB.NeitherC.EitherD.Both22.–Oh,thereissomeoneintheroom.-_____mustbemymother.(2000安徽)A.ThereB.SheC.ThisD.It23.BettyandJohnhavecomeback,but______studentsintheclassaren’thereyet.A.theotherB.othersC.anotherD.theothers（2000山西）24.______ofushasreadthestory.(2000上海)A.SomeB.BothC.AllD.None25.–Whichofherparentsisadoctor?-______are.(2000天津)A.AnyB.EitherC.BothD.Neither26.Ihaveboughtanewwatchbecausemyold______doesn’twork.(2000重庆)A.itB.oneC.thatD.this27.–Isthisdictionary______or______?-It’smine.(2000内蒙古)A.your;hersB.your;herC.yours;herD.yours;hers28.Thereis_____waterinmyglass.Willyoupleasegiveme_____?(2000甘肃)A.little;someB.few;anyC.few;someD.little;any19.-______pencil-boxisthis,Patrick?-It’s______.(2000上海)A.Whose;mineB.Who’s;mineC.Whose;myD.Who’s;my20.Thepenis_____.Shewrote_____namewithit______.A.hers;her;herselfB.her;hers;herC.her;hers;herselfD.her;herself;hers31.LastSundayeverybodywenttothecinemaexcept______.(2002汕头)A.IandTomB.TomandmeC.TomandID.meandTom32.GrandpaLihasthreesons.OneisinShanghai.______isinGuangzhouand_____isinBeijing.(2002汕头)A.Another;anotherB.Theother;theotherC.Another;theotherD.Theother;another33.Mr.AndMrs.Brownbuiltthehouseandnoonehelpedthem.（不变原意，改写句子）（2002汕头）_________________builtthehouse_____________________.34.–Whosephotoisthis?-It’s______.(2003汕头)A.meB.mineC.myD.myself10 ★中考题()1._____istoodifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.A.EverythingB.SomethingC.NothingD.Anything()2.Mywatchdoesn’twork.Ithink_____mustbe_____withit.A.anything,wrongB.nothing,goodC.anything,goodD.something,wrong()3.－Doyouhave_____tosayforyourself?－No,Ihave_____tosayatthismoment.A.anythingimportant,nothingimportantB.importantsomething,nothingimportantC.importantanything,importantnothingD.anythingimportant,somethingimportant()4.Whatabout_____toeat?A.anythingB.everythingC.somethingD.nothing()5.Thetwofriendsweresopleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgot_____.A.anythingelseB.somethingelseC.nothingelseD.anythingelse()6.Therearetwobagsintheroom._____ofthemisnew.A.EitherB.EachC.NeitherD.None()7.－Whatsportdoyoulikebetter,basketballorswimming?－Ilike_____butfootball.A.neitherB.eitherC.everyD.each()8.Therearemanytalltreeson_____sideofthestreet.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.any()9.BothJapaneseandFrencharenewtome.Idon’tknow_____ofthem.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.any()10.Therearemanytrees_oftheroad!And_ofthetreesisgrowinglargerandlarger.A.onbothside,anumberB.oneachsides,anumberC.onbothsides,thenumberD.oneveryside,thenumber课后反思：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10